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Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
09:16

Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

Published on: September 1, 2019

正常な胚の発達と腫瘍学的変異の間に調節されるトランスクリプトは,繰り返しの要素を共有しています.

D Murphy, P M Brickell, D S Latchman

    Cell
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    まとめ

    セット1 繰り返し要素は,マウス胚の発達的に調節されたトランスクリプトを識別します. F9細胞を除いて,多能性細胞系における分化により,それらの豊富さは減少する.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 発達生物学 発達生物学について
    • ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは

    背景:

    • 以前分離されたcDNAクローンは,変形したマウスの線維芽細胞で上昇したmRNAに同類である.
    • セット1のクローンには,マウスのゲノムで数千回見つかった分散した繰り返しの要素が含まれています.

    研究 の 目的:

    • マウスの発達中の遺伝子調節におけるセット1の繰り返し要素の役割を調査する.
    • 胚および細胞系モデルにおけるセット1関連トランスクリプトの表現パターンを分析する.

    主な方法:

    • 特定のmRNAsに同類であるcDNAクローンの分離.
    • マウスのゲノムにおける重複要素分布の分析.
    • ハイブリダイゼーション技術を用いたRNAトランスクリプトの定量化.
    • 胚組織と細胞系におけるトランスクリプトパターンの比較 (EC,EK,F9).

    主要な成果:

    • セット1のリピートでは,マウス胚の多数の定量的に調節されたトランスクリプトを特定し,ピーク発現時にポリアデニル化RNAの1〜3%を占める.
    • 中産期胚に似たトランスクリプトパターンは,多能性ECとEKの細胞系で見られる.
    • RNAの豊富さは,ECとEK細胞の in vitro 微分化によって減少します.

    さらに関連する動画

    LINE-1 Methylation Analysis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated with Osteosarcoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
    12:18

    LINE-1 Methylation Analysis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated with Osteosarcoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

    Published on: February 1, 2020

    Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis
    09:58

    Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis

    Published on: June 27, 2020

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

    Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
    09:16

    Investigation of the Transcriptional Role of a RUNX1 Intronic Silencer by CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells

    Published on: September 1, 2019

    LINE-1 Methylation Analysis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated with Osteosarcoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
    12:18

    LINE-1 Methylation Analysis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated with Osteosarcoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

    Published on: February 1, 2020

    Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis
    09:58

    Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis

    Published on: June 27, 2020

  • 発達能力が制限されているF9 EC細胞系は,より単純なSet 1トランスクリプトパターンを示しています.

    • 結論:

    • セット1の繰り返し要素は,マウスの発達的に調節されたトランスクリプトと関連しています.
    • これらのトランスクリプトの発現は,多能性および微分化プロセスに関連しています.
    • セット1のトランスクリプトパターンの変異は,細胞系統の発達の可能性の違いを反映している可能性があります.