酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiaeの細胞増殖を制御する遺伝子

P E Sudbery, A R Goodey, B L Carter

Nature

|November 27, 1980

まとめ

研究者らは,細胞サイクルを制御する遺伝子を特定した.

科学分野:

細胞生物学細胞生物学
遺伝学遺伝学とは
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

ユカリオットの細胞増殖は,DNA合成の開始近く,G1期に調節される.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (芽生える酵母) の"出発点"は,cdc 28変異によって定義されています.
"スタート"を超えて進行するには,十分な栄養素と重要な細胞サイズが必要です.

研究の目的:

細胞サイクルの"スタート"ポイントを調節する遺伝子を特定する.
"スタート"を制御する条件で変化した突然変異体を分離する.

主な方法:

細胞サイズの変化を伴う酵母変異菌を隔離し,細胞サイクル進行に必要な細胞サイズを決定する.
"スタート"ポイントに影響を与える2つの異なる変異型の特徴.

主要な成果:

変異体が野生型の細胞の半分のサイズで芽を出す whi-1 遺伝子を特定しました.
静止段階でのG1停止に影響を与える whi-2遺伝子を特定しました.
whi-2ミュータントの芽は,静止期における野生型の細胞よりも小さいサイズです.

結論:

whi-1遺伝子は細胞サイズの値を制御し,細胞サイクルを開始します.
whi-2遺伝子は,静止期におけるG1細胞サイクル停止に作用する.
これらの発見は,酵母における細胞循環調節の理解に寄与する.

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