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Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
Transcription01:17

Transcription

Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...

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11:21

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tyrTロカス:複雑なトランスクリプトの終了と処理

J Rossi, J Egan, L Hudson

    Cell
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    まとめ
    この要約は機械生成です。

    E. coli tyrTロカスには,繰り返されたシーケンスと終末部位を持つ間隔領域があります. 温度に敏感なロタンパク質は,トランスクリプションの読み込みに影響を与え,tRNAとタンパク質の二重機能トランスクリプトを明らかにします.

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    DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
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    Streamlined Single Cell TCR Isolation and Generation of Retroviral Vectors for In Vitro and In Vivo Expression of Human TCRs
    11:21

    Streamlined Single Cell TCR Isolation and Generation of Retroviral Vectors for In Vitro and In Vivo Expression of Human TCRs

    Published on: September 10, 2017

    Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach
    12:12

    Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on (TRO) Approach

    Published on: March 12, 2017

    DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
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    Published on: December 29, 2021

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
    • 微生物学 微生物学とは

    背景:

    • Escherichia coli の tyrT ローカスは,tRNATyr1 の2つのコピーをコードし,これを間隔領域で隔てる.
    • このスペーサーには,さらに下流の tyrT ローカスで発見される繰り返しの同型のシーケンスが含まれています.

    研究 の 目的:

    • E. coli. の tyrT lokus の構造と機能を調査する.
    • トランスクリプションの終結部位とプライマリ・トランスクリプトの性質を分析する.
    • tRNAとタンパク質の両方をコードする二重機能トランスクリプトの可能性を探る.

    主な方法:

    • tyrTロカス配列と構造の分析.
    • 温度感受性ロタンパク質を用いた転写終結の調査.
    • 主要トランスクリプトの識別と特徴付け.

    主要な成果:

    • tyrTロカスには,180塩基間隔で並べられた,階層化されたトランスクリプション終末部位が含まれています.
    • メジャーターミネーションサイトは,第2リピートユニット内にあります.
    • この部位では温度感受性ロタンパク質による読み込みが増加し,下流部位での終結につながります.
    • 主要トランスクリプトは,低分子量,基本的なタンパク質を,塩基置換による類似した配列の擬似遺伝子でコードする.

    結論:

    • tyrTロカスには複合的な構造があり,二重機能のトランスクリプトの可能性があります.
    • 転写調節は,ロタンパク質と終末部位によって影響を受けます.
    • スペーサーとリピートのホモログな配列は,タンパク質のコーディングのための偽遺伝子を表す可能性があります.