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Updated: May 11, 2026

Quantification of the Abundance and Charging Levels of Transfer RNAs in Escherichia coli
10:34

Quantification of the Abundance and Charging Levels of Transfer RNAs in Escherichia coli

Published on: August 22, 2017

Su+7 tRNAの変異種には,変化したT偽ウラシルCG配列を持つ機能的なtRNAが含まれています

M Yarus, L Breeden

    Cell
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    まとめ

    珀色コドンを抑制する突然変異移転RNA (tRNA) は,厳格な制御を緩和することができます. これらのtRNAの特定の変異は,T pseudo uracil CGのような特定の配列がリボソーム機能に不可欠ではないことを明らかにします.

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    RNA Structure01:23

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    RNA Structure01:19

    RNA Structure

    The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
    Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
    There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
    Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

    Transfer RNA Synthesis

    One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
    Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
    tRNA Activation02:26

    tRNA Activation

    Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...