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裂け谷 (チャド) の西に2500キロメートルにある最初のオーストラリアロピテシン
M Brunet1, A Beauvilain, Y Coppens
1Laboratoire Géobiologie, Biochronologie et Paléontologie humaine, JE 273 MST Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Poitiers, France.
Nature
|November 16, 1995
まとめ
チャドで発見された化石は,リフト・バレーから西に2500km離れたところに,初期のヒト類の存在を明らかにしている. この australopithecine下肢は,Australopithecus afarensisに似ており,より広いプレオセノ-プレイストセノホミニド分布を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 古人類学は,古人類学である.
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- ジオクロノロジー (Geochronology) について
背景:
- 中央アフリカのリフト・バレーの西にあるプリオセーンとプレイストセンの哺乳類の遺跡は,1959年に初めて報告され,サバンナと森の生息地が混ざっていることを示している.
- 以前の発見には,おそらくホモ・エレクトスの遺体や,さらなる化石遺跡が含まれていた.
研究 の 目的:
- アフリカ・リフト・バレーの西の初期ホミニドの存在と分布を記録する.
- チャドのボルクー・エネディ・ティベスティ地方のプレオセーンとプレイストセーン形成を調査する.
主な方法:
- チャドのバール・エル・ガザル地域におけるプレオセーンとプレイストセンの地質学的形成の調査.
- KT 12を含む17の新しい化石遺跡の発見と発掘.
- ホミニド化石と関連付けられている動物遺跡の生物年代測定.
主要な成果:
- チャドのコロ・トロ (Koro Toro) の近くで17の新しいプレオセーン・プレイストセーン化石遺跡が発見されました.
- 遺跡KT12の発掘により,300万~350万年前に遡るオオカミの下が発見された.
- 下の形態は,以前は東アフリカと南アフリカのみで知られている種であるAustralopithecus afarensisに最も似ています.
結論:
- この発見は,リフト・バレーから西に2500kmほど,初期のホミニドの既知の地理的範囲を大幅に拡大している.
- この発見は,プリオセン・プレイストセン時代にアフリカ全土で初期のヒト類がより広く分布していたことを裏付けている.
- ヒトの進化を理解する上で,中央アフリカの重要性を強調しています.
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