終末期疾患の患者のための慰安ケア. 栄養と水分を適切に使用すること
R M McCann1, W J Hall, A Groth-Juncker
1Department of Medicine, University of Rochester (NY) School of Medicine.
JAMA
|October 26, 1994
まとめ
末期病の患者は,めったに飢えや渇きを感じない. 症状が発生すると,少量の食べ物,液体,または口腔ケアが,強制的な介入なしに効果的に快適さを提供します.
科学分野:
- 緩和ケアとは,緩和ケアです.
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- ゲリアトリクス ゲリアトリクス
背景:
- 末期病患者の症状体験を理解することは,効果的な緩和ケアに不可欠です.
- 強制給餌と水分補給は一般的な介入ですが,その必要性と快適性への影響は評価する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 終末期疾患の患者の飢えと渇きの流行を評価する.
- これらの症状は,人工的栄養や水分補給なしで管理できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- コンフォートケアユニットの末期病患者の見通しの観察研究.
- 飢え,渇き,口の乾燥の症状を体系的に記録する.
- 介入のドキュメントと患者の快適性のレベル.
主要な成果:
- 患者の大半 (63%) は飢えを感じていないと報告し,34%は当初だけ飢えを感じていた.
- 喉の渇きは,患者の62%で欠席または初期であった.
- 飢え,渇き,口の乾燥は,小量の経口摂取量または唇潤滑剤で効果的に管理されました.
結論:
- 末期病の患者は一般的に大きな飢えを感じないし,症状が現れた場合,少量の食物で十分である.
- 喉の渇きと口の乾燥は,口腔ケアと最小限の液体で管理でき,積極的な水分補給を必要としません.
- 患者特有の口服摂取要求は,人工栄養と水分補給の役割を最小限に抑え,快適性の鍵です.
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