患者の自律性に対する民族性と態度
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Updated: Sep 26, 2026

14:32
Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
L J Blackhall1, S T Murphy, G Frank
1Department of Medicine, Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
JAMA
|September 13, 1995
まとめ
終末期の介護の好みにおける民族的な違いが観察されました. 韓国系アメリカ人とメキシコ系アメリカ人は,患者の自律性を好むヨーロッパ人やアフリカ系アメリカ人と異なり,家族を中心とした意思決定を好む.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
- 医療倫理 医療倫理について
背景:
- 文化的な態度は,終末期ケア (EOL) の好みに大きく影響する.
- EOLの意思決定における民族的多様性を理解することは,文化的に敏感な医療実践にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 終末期疾患の診断と予後に関する開示に対する態度における民族集団の違いを調査する.
- 異なる高齢者集団におけるEOLの意思決定の好みの変動を調べる.
主な方法:
- 調査研究デザインが採用されました.
- データは,ヨーロッパ系アメリカ人,アフリカ系アメリカ人,韓国系アメリカ人,メキシコ系アメリカ人の4つの民族集団の800人の高齢者 (65歳以上) から収集されました.
- ロサンゼルス郡の高齢者センターから募集された参加者.
主要な成果:
- 癌の診断と末期予後を公表することに対する態度において,有意な民族的格差が認められた.
- 韓国系アメリカ人とメキシコ系アメリカ人は,ヨーロッパ系アメリカ人とアフリカ系アメリカ人と比べて,患者が診断/予後を知らされるべきだと信じる可能性が低い.
- 韓国系アメリカ人とメキシコ系アメリカ人は,欧州人,アフリカ系アメリカ人の患者の自律性を好む傾向とは対照的に,生命維持装置の決定を家族中心にすることが好ましい. エスニシティは,主要な予測要因として現れた.
結論:
- 高齢の韓国系アメリカ人とメキシコ系アメリカ人は,主に家族中心の医療意思決定モデルを支持しています.
- ヨーロッパ系アメリカ人およびアフリカ系アメリカ人の高齢者は,患者自律モデルを好む傾向が大きい.
- 医者は,情報の開示と意思決定への関与に関する患者の好み,または家族の関与が望ましいかどうかを尋ねるべきです.
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