男性における運動の強度と長寿. ハーバード大学院生健康調査
I M Lee1, C C Hsieh, R S Paffenbarger
1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
JAMA
|April 19, 1995
まとめ
無力な活動ではなく,力強い身体的活動が,寿命の長さに関連しています. 全体的な身体活動の増加は,死亡率との明確な逆関係を示し,長寿に有益であることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 運動生理学 運動生理学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 長寿に関する研究
背景:
- 身体活動は健康にとって極めて重要です.
- 活動強度の違いが長寿に与える影響を区別することが重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 活発な (≥6METs) と非活発な (<6METs) の身体活動と長寿の間の独立した関連を調べる.
- 特定のタイプの身体活動があらゆる原因による死亡率に異なる形で寄与するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ハーバード大学の17321人の卒業生 (平均年齢46歳) を対象に1962年~1966年から1988年まで,前向きなコホート研究が行われました.
- 参加者は,予行心血管疾患,がん,またはCOPDを有する者を除く,ベースラインでの身体活動レベルを報告しました.
- すべての原因による死亡率は,主要なアウトカム指標であり,フォローアップ期間中に3728人の死亡が記録されました.
主要な成果:
- 総エネルギー支出と活発な活動からのエネルギーは,死亡率と正反対に関連していました.
- 激しい身体活動が死亡率と有意な逆関係を示した (P [傾向] = .007).
- 非活発な運動は,相互調整後でも,死亡率と有意な関連性を示さなかった (P [傾向] = .36).
結論:
- 全体的な身体活動とあらゆる原因による死亡率の間には,漸進的な逆関係が存在する.
- 活発な身体活動は長寿の増加と関連しています.
- 非強烈な身体活動の利点は,全因死亡率以外の分野にもあるかもしれません.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Longitudinal Research
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Exercise and Muscle Performance
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Exercise and Cardiac Output
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Longitudinal Studies
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques I
Stress prevention and management are crucial for maintaining well-being and building resilience. Techniques to manage stress include cultivating qualities like conscientiousness, a sense of personal control, and self-efficacy. Each of these traits significantly reduces stress and promotes healthier lifestyle choices and outcomes.
Conscientiousness
Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...
Conscientiousness
Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, and disciplined. They prioritize completing tasks and following structured routines,...


