アルツハイマー病と血管性認知症と運転. 将来の道路と実験室での研究です
L J Fitten1, K M Perryman, C J Wilkinson
1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, UCLA School of Medicine, USA.
JAMA
|May 3, 1995
まとめ
年齢や診断ではなく,認知障害が,軽度のアルツハイマー病や血管性認知症の患者の運転能力を予測します. 特定の認知テストは,一般的な基準よりも効果的に危険なドライバーを特定することができます.
科学分野:
- 神経学 神経学とは
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 輸送の安全性 輸送の安全性
背景:
- 運転は複雑なスキルであり,認知機能が健全である必要があります.
- 軽度のアルツハイマー病 (AD) と血管性認知症は,認知能力を低下させ,潜在的に運転に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 認知障害のある人の運転能力を評価することは,公衆の安全にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 軽度のADおよび血管性認知症を有する個人の道路での運転能力を特徴付けるため.
- 運転能力を年齢と健康を合わせた対照群と比較する.
- 運転性能と相関する研究室ベースの認知測定値を特定する.
主な方法:
- 83人の参加者を対象とした前向きな実験研究 (軽度のAD15人,血管性認知症12人,糖尿病患者15人,高齢者26人,若者16人).
- 運転能力はセプルヴェーダ (Calif) 道路テストを使用して評価されました.
- ラボテストでは,注意,知覚,記憶を測定した (例えば,Sternberg,Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination).
主要な成果:
- 軽度のADおよび血管性認知症のグループは,すべてのコントロールグループと比較して,ドライブのスコアが著しく低下しました (P < .001).
- ドライブスコアは3つの対照群では有意に違わなかった.
- 短期記憶,視覚的トラッキング,全体的な認知状態 (ミニメンタルステート試験) は,運転パフォーマンスの最も強力な予測因子でした (累積R2 = 0.68).
- 低いドライブスコアは,より高い衝突率と移動違反と相関しています (r = -0.38,P < .02).
結論:
- 認知障害の種類と程度は,年齢や医学的診断のみよりも,運転スキルの有意な予測要因です.
- 特定の認知テストプロトコルは,ライセンスの制限のために年齢や医学的診断のみに頼るよりも,危険なドライバーをより効果的に特定することができます.
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