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ホメオティックな遺伝子と,昆虫の翼番号の調節と進化
S B Carroll1, S D Weatherbee, J A Langeland
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Nature
|May 4, 1995
まとめ
昆虫の翼は,ホメオティック遺伝子の関与なしに進化し,後にそれらのネガティブなコントロールの下に置かれました. この研究は,翼の発達の遺伝的基礎と,昆虫におけるその進化的意味を調査しています.
科学分野:
- 進化的発達生物学 進化的発達生物学
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- エントモロジー エントモロジー学
背景:
- 昆虫の翼は重要な革新であり,知られている動物種の75%以上の多様化を推進しています.
- 化石の証拠は,足の部分から翼が進化したことを示しており,初期の昆虫は複数の身体部分に翼を持っていた.
- プテリゴーテの体型は後に多様化し,その結果,異なる数の翼のペアを持つ昆虫が生まれた.
研究 の 目的:
- 昆虫の翼の進化におけるホメオティック遺伝子の役割を調査する.
- 翼の発達と進化の歴史の基礎となる遺伝的メカニズムを理解する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの翼の発達におけるホメオティック遺伝子機能を調べる.
- 原始的なアプテリゴート昆虫におけるホメオティック遺伝子発現の分析.
主要な成果:
- ホメオティック遺伝子は,翼の形成を促進するのではなく,特定の身体のセグメントでそれを抑制します.
- 異なるホメオティック遺伝子は,異なるセグメントで翼の発達に負のコントロールを行います.
結論:
- 翼はおそらく,祖先の昆虫のホメオティック遺伝子調節とは独立して発生した.
- 翼の進化には,ペトリゴットの多様化過程で,個々のホメオティックな遺伝子がネガティブなコントロールを組み込んだ.
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