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関連する概念動画

Neuron Structure01:31

Neuron Structure

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Overview
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The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
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Nucleoid01:24

Nucleoid

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The nucleoid represents a structurally and functionally distinct region within prokaryotic cells, where the cell's DNA and associated proteins are housed. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus, and the nucleoid facilitates the organization and accessibility of the genetic material within this constraint. The DNA in most bacteria and archaea exists as a single, circular, double-stranded molecule that is highly compacted through supercoiling and interactions with...
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Overview of Fungi01:29

Overview of Fungi

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Fungi are a diverse group of eukaryotes more closely related to animals than other eukaryotes. Fungal cell walls comprise chitin, a polysaccharide that provides structural strength, and glucans, which contribute to flexibility and integrity. Other polysaccharides, such as mannans and galactosans, may supplement or replace chitin in some fungi. These adaptations, along with their preference for acidic environments and tolerance for high osmotic pressure, enable fungi to thrive in various...
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Fungal Phylum Ascomycota01:28

Fungal Phylum Ascomycota

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Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
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Customization of Aspergillus niger Morphology Through Addition of Talc Micro Particles
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アスペルギルス・ニドゥランス (Aspergillus nidulans) の核細胞構造について

N R Morris

    Cell
    |July 1, 1976
    PubMed
    まとめ

    Aspergillus nidulansのクロマチンの構造は,ラット肝臓と保存された140塩基対の核細胞核を共有し,主に左側DNAの長さに異なっている. DNAase Iの消化により,類似した単一鎖の断片パターンが明らかになり,核細胞内の保存されたDNAアクセシビリティを示唆しました.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
    • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

    背景:

    • クロマチンは,DNAとタンパク質の複合体であり,真核細胞の核内で染色体を形成し,ゲノム組織と調節において重要な役割を果たします.
    • クロマチンの基本的な重複単位であるヌクレオソームの構造を理解することは,DNAの包装とアクセシビリティを理解するために不可欠です.
    • 異なる種におけるクロマチンの構造を比較的に研究することで,保存された特徴や種特有の適応を明らかにすることができます.

    研究 の 目的:

    • アスペルギルス・ニドゥランスの染色体構造をネズミの肝臓の染色体構造と比較して調査する.
    • アスペルギルス・ニドゥランスのヌクレオソームの重複長とヌクレオソーム核粒子の大きさを決定する.
    • ヌクレオソームの中核構造の保存と種間のDNAアクセシビリティを評価する.

    主な方法:

    • アスペルギルス・ニドゥランスとネズミの肝クロマチンのマイクロコックスの核酵素消化.
    • DNAアゼIは,アスペルギルスニドゥランスとネズミの肝クロマチンの消化である.
    • ジェルエレクトロフォレスによるDNA断片サイズ分析.

    主要な成果:

    • 限られたマイクロコックスの核酵素消化により,アスペルギルス・ニドゥランスの核体重複の長さは154塩基対,ネズミの肝臓の塩基対は198塩基対であった.

    さらに関連する動画

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    Quantitative Analysis of Aspergillus nidulans Growth Rate using Live Microscopy and Open-Source Software
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    関連する実験動画

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    Rapid Freezing using Sandwich Freezing Device for Good Ultrastructural Preservation of Biological Specimens in Electron Microscopy
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  • マイクロコッカルヌクレアゼによる広範な消化により,両種で約140塩基対の類似した準極限消化製品が生成されました.
  • Aspergillus nidulansのクロマチンのDNAase I消化では,10塩基間隔で単一鎖の断片のパターンが示され,ネズミの肝臓クロマチンで観察されたものと似ています.

    • 結論:

    • 140塩基対の核細胞核構造は,アスペルギルス・ニドゥランスとネズミの肝臓の間に保存されているようです.
    • ヌクレオソームの重複長さの観察された差異は,主に,ヌクレオソームの核間のDNAリンクナーの長さの変動に起因する.
    • 同様のDNAase I消化パターンは,進化的に遠く離れたこれらの生物体全体で核細胞核内のDNAアクセシビリティが保存されていることを示唆しています.