新生児における腕の動きの機能的意義について
A L van der Meer1, F R van der Weel, D N Lee
1Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK.
まとめ
新生児は,目に見える腕の動きを意図的に制御することができます. これは,腕の動きの視覚的制御が幼児期に非常に早く発達することを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 発達神経科学とは
- 乳幼児の運動制御について
- 視覚的知覚 視覚的知覚
背景:
- 新生児の腕の動きは,しばしば反射的であり,意図しないと考えられます.
- 幼児の早期視覚運動統合に関する理解は限られている.
- 新生児における自発的な運動制御能力は,現在進行中の研究分野です.
研究 の 目的:
- 新生児が腕の動きを意図的にコントロールできるかどうかを調査する.
- 新生児の腕の動きを調節する視覚フィードバックの役割を決定する.
- 手足の動きの視覚的制御の早期発達を評価する.
主な方法:
- 新生児が仰向けに横たわっているときに,自発的な腕の動きを記録した.
- 操作された視覚入力: 直接の腕ビュー,ビデオモニタービュー,または腕ビューなし.
- 運動反応を評価するために,手首に小さな乱射力を加えた.
主要な成果:
- 新生児は,自分の腕が見えるときに,正常な腕の動きを維持するために,外部の力に積極的に反対しました.
- この視覚運動反応は,腕が直接見られるか,ビデオモニターを通して見られるかに関わらず発生しました.
- 腕が見えなくなるとコントロールが低下した.
結論:
- 新生児は,外部からの干渉に反応して,腕の動きを意図的にコントロールすることを示します.
- 視覚的フィードバックは,出生直後にこれらの自発的な腕の動きを調節するために重要です.
- 腕の動きに対する視覚的コントロールの発達は,新生児期に始まります.
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