チリのアンデス山脈で発見されたミオセンの初期の人類型の頭蓋骨
J J Flynn1, A R Wyss, R Charrier
1Department of Geology, Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois 60605.
Nature
|February 16, 1995
まとめ
チリから発見された,希少で完全な化石の猿の頭蓋骨.
科学分野:
- パレオントロジー・パレオントロジー
- 霊長類の進化について
- ネオトロピカルバイオジオグラフィー
背景:
- 類人猿の進化関係,特に新世界猿 (プラティリン類) の進化関係は,化石の証拠が限られているため,ほとんど理解されていません.
- 既存の系統遺伝学的分析は,人類類霊長類の関係を理解するための枠組みを提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- チリのアンデス山脈から重要なプラティルヒネの化石の頭蓋骨の発見を報告するために.
- この発見を利用して,プラティルヒンの相互関係とその進化的起源に関する理解を修正する.
主な方法:
- アンデス山脈の火山弾性堆積物からの完全な化石霊長類の頭蓋骨の発見と発掘.
- 放射性年代測定法 (40Ar/39Ar) で,化石の年齢を決定する.
- 化石データの統合と,人類類霊長類の現存する系統遺伝分析.
主要な成果:
- 南米で最もよく保存された三次霊長類の頭蓋骨が発見され,ミオセンの初期にさかのぼる.
- この発見は,祖先のプラティルリン形状を再構築するための重要な証拠を提供します.
- 新世界猿のアフリカ起源の可能性を示唆し,以前の仮説に異議を唱える.
結論:
- この発見は,霊長類の進化史を明らかにするためのアンデス山脈の埋蔵物の可能性を強調しています.
- この化石は,プラティルヒンの起源と多様化に関する私たちの理解を大幅に修正する能力を持っています.
- アルゼンチンのパタゴニア以外で初期ミオセンの南米哺乳類の記録を初めて提供した.
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