人間のCa(2+) 感受受容体遺伝子の変異は,家族性低カルシウム性高カルセミアと新生児性重症性副甲状腺症を引き起こす
M R Pollak1, E M Brown, Y H Chou
1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
Cell
|December 31, 1993
まとめ
カルシウム感受受容体遺伝子の変異は,家族性低カルシウム性高カルセミア (FHH) と新生児性重症副甲状腺症 (NSHPT) を引き起こします. この受容体はカルシウムホメオスタシスの維持に不可欠であり,欠陥はカルシウム濃度の変化につながります.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
背景:
- 家族性低カルシウム性高カルセミア (FHH) と新生児性重症副甲状腺症 (NSHPT) は,カルシウムホメオスタシスに影響する遺伝性疾患です.
- カルシウム感知受容体 (CaSR) は,細胞外カルシウムレベルの調節に関与するGタンパク質結合受容体である.
研究 の 目的:
- FHHとNSHPTを引き起こすCaSR遺伝子の変異の役割を調査する.
- 受容体活性に対するCaSR変異の機能的影響を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- 感染した個体におけるCaSR遺伝子変異の識別と配列決定.
- Xenopus laevisの卵細胞における野生型および変異したCaSRの発現.
- ポリバレントカチオンに対する受容体の反応を評価するための電気生理学的記録.
主要な成果:
- FHHとNSHPTの患者で,CaSR遺伝子の3つの非保守的なミスセンスの変異が特定されました.
- 変異したCaSRは,野生型受容体と比較して,多価カチオンに対する反応が著しく弱まったことを示した.
- 変異は,細胞外N末端領域とCaSR.の細胞内ループに位置していました.
結論:
- CaSR遺伝子の変異がFHHとNSHPTの原因である.
- CaSRは,細胞外カルシウムレベルを設定する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- 欠陥のあるCaSR機能は,影響を受けた個体において,カルシウムホメオスタシスの障害につながる.
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