医科大学院教育の改革は,専門分野と地理的領域にどのような影響を与えるのでしょうか
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine 53706-1532.
JAMA
|July 6, 1994
まとめ
卒業医学教育 (GME) のポジションを削減すると,新しい医師の数は減少しますが,医師対人口比は依然として上昇します. 労働力の目標を達成するために,GMEに重大な変更が必要である.
科学分野:
- 保健政策 保健政策 保健政策
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 医療労働力分析 分析
背景:
- 医学研究生教育 (GME) は,医師の労働力を形成する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
- 現在のGME政策は,ジェネラリストとスペシャリストの供給に影響を与えています.
- 労働力改革の影響を予測することは,将来の医療計画に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 提案されたGMEの労働力改革の専門分野と地理的影響を予測する.
- GMEの入力の変化が,医師の診療の出力にどのように影響するかを分析する.
主な方法:
- 1987年のアメリカ医学大学協会 (AAMC) GME国勢調査データを用いて,人口統計寿命表モデルが開発されました.
- 1992年のGMEコホートは,政策の影響をシミュレートするためのベースラインとして使用されました.
- シミュレーションでは,医師の成果に関する代替専門分野と地域的なGME政策を比較しました.
主要な成果:
- GMEの投入を米国の医学卒業生の110%に削減し,その55%が一般医に入ると,1年目のポジションは24,433から18,783に減少します.
- GMEの住民の総数は,均衡状態では103,858人から80,699人に減少する.
- 減少にもかかわらず,医師対人口比は,より遅いペースで増加すると予測されています. 一般医の数は増加し,専門医の数は著しく減少するだろう.
結論:
- 医者の生産量を削減し,ゼネラル医者を増やすという国家目標を達成するために,GMEプールに大幅な変更が必要である.
- 病院は,従業員の目標達成のためにサービスモデルを適応させるのに十分な時間と資金が必要です.
- 政策の変更は,GMEポジションの専門分野分布と地理的配置の両方を考慮する必要があります.
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