医学部と学生の特徴は,一般医のキャリアの選択に影響を与えます
C J Martini1, J J Veloski, B Barzansky
1Division of Undergraduate Medical Education, American Medical Association, Chicago, Ill.
JAMA
|September 7, 1994
まとめ
医科大学は,機関的な使命,入学政策,およびプライマリケア指向のカリキュラムに焦点を当てて,ジェネラルプラクティスを始める医師の数を増やすことができます. 学生の個人的な価値観も,キャリアの選択に大きな影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 医療労働力研究 医療労働力研究
背景:
- 医学部の卒業生が一般医の診療に参入する割合は,医療へのアクセスを決定する重要な要因である.
- 医学部内で修正可能な予測要因を特定することは,人材計画に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 医学部内での予測要因を特定し,それを操作して,一般医に入学する卒業生の割合に影響を与える.
主な方法:
- 医学部と実務医の横断的および遡及的研究.
- MDとDOを授与する医学部と全国の一般医のサンプルを調査した.
- ゼネラリストの卒業生の割合が高い医科大学への現場訪問.
主要な成果:
- 施設の使命,入学政策,学生の特徴,およびプライマリケア指向のカリキュラムは,一般医のキャリアを選択する医師の数を大幅に予測しました.
- これらの要因は,公立/私立の地位,年齢,クラスサイズなどの学校の構造的特徴をコントロールした後も依然として重要でした.
結論:
- 公的および制度的政策は,学生のゼネラリストのキャリアの選択に積極的な影響を及ぼします.
- 重要な変更可能な要因には,入学基準,カリキュラムの設計,教員のロールモデルが含まれます.
- 個人の社会的価値は,卒業生のキャリア選択に影響を与える最も強い個人の特徴でした.
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