初期のホミニドが道具を使っていたという化石の証拠があります
1Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, State University at Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 9, 1994
まとめ
初期の人類類は,オストラロピテキンスや初期ホモを含む,おそらく約200万年前に道具を使用した. この発見は,より大きな脳を持つヒト類だけが道具製造者であったという考えに異議を唱え,種を超えてより広範な道具の使用を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 古人類学は,古人類学である.
- 考古学考古学とは
- プリマトロジー・プリマトロジー学
背景:
- 伝統的に,最大の脳を持つヒト類は,唯一の工具製造者であると仮定されていました.
- 最近の化石の発見により,道具の使用はこれまで考えられていたよりもずっと昔まで遡る可能性があることが示唆されています.
- 初期のホミニドの能力を理解することは,人間の進化の歴史を再構築するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 初期のホミニド,特にオストラロピテシンと初期のホモの道具製造能力を調査する.
- 道具の使用は,約250万年前,初期のヒト類の間で広く普及していたという仮説を検証するために.
- ヒトのような精度の把握能力が,早期の道具使用と相関するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ヒトのような精密さを持つための新しいテストを提案し,適用しました.
- アウストラロピテシンや初期のホモの化石の証拠を分析した.
- 石と骨の道具の考古学的記録と相関する手形状.
主要な成果:
- 証拠によると,約200万年前のすべての初期のヒト類は,おそらく道具を使用していた.
- 石器より前のオストラロピテキンは,高度な精密の掴み方を示さなかった.
- 初期のホモと後のオーストラリアオピテキンは,道具の使用と一致する兆候を示しました.
結論:
- 道具の使用は,およそ220万年前,多様な初期のヒト類の種間で一般的であった可能性が高い.
- 精密に把握する能力は進化し,道具の使用に関連した初期のヒト類に存在しました.
- これは,初期のツール製造と使用のための認知要件に関する以前の仮定に異議を唱えます.
関連する概念動画
02:06Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
02:35What is Evolutionary History?
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.Phylogenetic trees illustrate the evolutionary relationships among these organisms. Scientists infer organisms’ common ancestry by evaluating shared morphological and genetic characteristics. Together, the fossil...
02:56The Fossil Record
The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
02:48Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating
Radioactivity is a spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nuclide and is a random process, as all the nuclei in the sample do not decay simultaneously. The number of disintegrations per unit time is called the activity (A), which is directly proportional to the number of nuclei in the sample. The decay constant (λ) is an average probability of decay per nucleus in unit time.
01:30Types of Building Stone
Building stones, essential materials for construction, are extracted from natural rock deposits and processed into specific forms and dimensions suitable for various building applications. These stones are broadly classified into three types based on their geological formation: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of magma or lava. An example is granite, known for its durability and resistance to weathering, making it ideal for parts of...
Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of magma or lava. An example is granite, known for its durability and resistance to weathering, making it ideal for parts of...
01:15Quarrying of Stone
Quarrying is the process of extracting stone from a quarry, where specialized techniques are employed to remove large blocks of stone safely and efficiently. This process can involve controlled explosions or more precision-oriented methods such as cutting and drilling.
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the block.
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the block.