関連する実験動画
Updated: Aug 13, 2026

09:04
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
Published on: September 14, 2016
ソマティックアクションポテンシャルが新皮質のピラミッド細胞のデンドライトに活発に伝播する
1Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Heidelberg, Germany.
Nature
|January 6, 1994
まとめ
哺乳類の神経細胞のアクションポテンシャルは, dendrites でではなく,軸索で開始されます. これらの信号は,その後,神経細胞の電気活動に関する以前の仮定に異議を唱え, dendritic tree に活発に伝播します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 細胞電気生理学 細胞電気生理学
背景:
- デンドライトは,従来,受動的な電気信号統合器として見られていた.
- 最近の証拠は,デンドライトが活性伝導性を有することを示唆しています.
- アクションポテンシャルの開始におけるこれらの活性型デンドリート特性 (dendritic properties) の役割は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- アクションポテンシャル開始におけるデンドリット活性伝導体の役割を調査する.
- 新皮質のピラミッド細胞におけるアクションポテンシャルの発起の正確な場所を決定する.
主な方法:
- 脳断片における新皮質のピラミッド細胞デンドライトからのパッチクランプの記録.
- 圧力で活性化されたナトリウム電流を識別するために,デンドリティックの外側外側パッチの記録.
- ソマとデンドライト/アクソンから同時に全細胞を記録し,発射部位を特定する.
主要な成果:
- テンプレートで活性化されたナトリウム電流は,デンドリットパッチで検出されました.
- アクションポテンシャルは,直接刺激とシナプス入力によって成功裏に呼び起こされました.
- アクションポテンシャルは,軸索で開始され,デンドライトに逆行的に拡散することが判明しました.
結論:
- 哺乳類のニューロンのアクションポテンシャルは,軸索で開始されます.
- デンドライトは,他の場所で開始されたアクションポテンシャルを積極的に伝播します.
- この発見は,神経信号処理と統合に関する私たちの理解を洗練します.
関連する概念動画
Action Potentials
Overview
Action Potential
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.
Functions of the Nervous System
The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and regulating the body's functions. It functions through three main processes: sensory, integrative, and motor processes. Sensory function involves the detection and transmission of information about internal and external stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS. The CNS processes this information through an integrative function, where it interprets and makes decisions based on the incoming sensory information. Finally, the motor function...
Action Potential
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
Propagation of Action Potentials
The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...

