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黒人および貧困層の入院医療は,メディケアの患者であるメディケアの患者が受けています
K L Kahn1, M L Pearson, E R Harrison
1Health Program of RAND, Santa Monica, CA.
JAMA
|April 20, 1994
まとめ
高齢者に対する病院での医療における人種的,社会経済的格差は,メディケア患者の病院タイプによって影響を受けます. 黒人患者や貧しい地域出身の患者は,より劣ったケアプロセスを受けている一方で,より質の高い都市教育病院で治療を受ける可能性が高く,全体的な品質のバランスをとっています.
科学分野:
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- 健康の平等,健康の平等について
- 病院の質 病院の質 病院の質 病院の質 病院の質 病院の質
背景:
- 医療のアクセスと質における人種的,社会経済的格差は依然として残っています.
- 患者の特徴が医療システムとどのように相互作用するかを理解することは,公平なケア提供を改善するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢の黒人患者や貧困地域からの患者が,不適切な病院のケアを受けているかどうかを調査する.
- 病院レベルでの医療の質と患者の成果の変動を考慮するためです.
主な方法:
- 65歳以上のMedicare患者9932人の全国的に代表的なサンプルを分析した観察研究.
- 黒人患者および貧困地域からの患者に対するケアプロセス,結果,病院の種類を他の患者と比較したものです.
- 5州の297の病院で,心不全,急性心筋梗塞,肺炎,または脳卒中のために入院した患者を含む.
主要な成果:
- 黒人または貧しい地域出身の患者は,病院の種類を問わず,より悪いケアプロセスと退院時の不安定さを経験しました.
- これらの格差は,より質の高いケアを提供する都市部の教科病院で治療を受ける可能性の高さ (1.8倍) によって部分的に相殺されました.
- この介護の再分配による人種や貧困状態に基づいて,介護の質や死亡率の全体的な有意な差は見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- メディケアの患者は,患者の人種,社会経済的な地位,そしてケアを提供する病院のタイプが複雑に相互作用している.
- 患者の個々の要因は,ケアプロセスにおける格差につながる可能性がありますが,異なる病院タイプにわたる患者の分布は,これらの違いを軽減または悪化させることができます.
- 医療制度は,患者レベルと病院レベルの両方の要因を考慮し,すべての人口に対して公平で質の高いケアを確保する必要があります.
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