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関連する概念動画

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
Transport Across the Golgi01:26

Transport Across the Golgi

While it is unclear how molecules move between adjacent Golgi cisternae, it is apparent that the molecules move from cis- cisterna, the entry face, to the trans- cisterna, the exit face. Experiments initially suggested vesicles that bud from one cisterna and fuse with the next cisterna to transport proteins between the cisternae. This vesicular transport model describes the Golgi apparatus as a relatively static structure with a unique enzyme composition in each cisterna. Molecules are...
Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Visualizing Intracellular SNARE Trafficking by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
08:55

Visualizing Intracellular SNARE Trafficking by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy

Published on: December 29, 2017

機能的に活性な輸送小胞の段階的な組み立て.

J Ostermann1, L Orci, K Tani

  • 1Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021.

Cell
|December 3, 1993
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,タンパク質輸送に不可欠なCOPコーティングベシクルを形成するための重要な構成要素とステップを特定しました. この研究は,これらの膀のインビトロ生成を明らかにし,細胞内タンパク質の密輸を理解するのに役立ちます.

さらに関連する動画

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
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Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Published on: April 8, 2020

Construction of Out-of-Equilibrium Metabolic Networks in Nano- and Micrometer-Sized Vesicles
10:56

Construction of Out-of-Equilibrium Metabolic Networks in Nano- and Micrometer-Sized Vesicles

Published on: April 12, 2024

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Visualizing Intracellular SNARE Trafficking by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
08:55

Visualizing Intracellular SNARE Trafficking by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy

Published on: December 29, 2017

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
10:01

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Published on: April 8, 2020

Construction of Out-of-Equilibrium Metabolic Networks in Nano- and Micrometer-Sized Vesicles
10:56

Construction of Out-of-Equilibrium Metabolic Networks in Nano- and Micrometer-Sized Vesicles

Published on: April 12, 2024

科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • COPで覆われた膀は,エンドプラズマ網膜からゴルギ器官を通るタンパク質輸送を媒介する.
  • その形成には,ADP-リボシリ化因子 (ARF) やコアトーマータンパク質,GTPや脂肪アシル共酵素A (CoA) などの細胞溶融因子が関与する.

研究 の 目的:

  • ゴルギの水槽からCOPコーティングされた膀の芽生えのための最小の細胞塩分要件を解明する.
  • 機能的なCOPコーティングベシクルの段階的な組み立てとインビトロ生成を特徴付ける.

主な方法:

  • Golgi膜と精製された細胞溶液成分を用いた in vitro 再構成アッセイ.
  • ADP-リボシライゼーション因子 (ARF),コアトーマー,GTP,パルミトイル-CoA.を段階的に加えた.
  • 生成されたCOPコーティングベシクルの分離と機能評価.

主要な成果:

  • ADP-リボシライゼーション因子 (ARF),コアトーマー,GTP,脂肪アシル共酵素A (CoA) を,膀芽生えに不可欠なものとして特定した.
  • コーティングされた芽の組み立てにはコアトーマー,ARF,GTPが必要であることを実証しました.
  • palmitoyl-CoAの添加が膜分裂を誘発し,機能的なコーティングされた膀を放出することを示した.
  • COPでコーティングされた膀は,段階的に in vitro で生成され,活性状態で隔離されることが確認されました.

結論:

  • 細胞溶液成分の最小セットと,COPコーティングされた膀形成の主要なステップが特定されています.
  • この研究は,細胞内タンパク質輸送と膀の密輸のメカニズムのさらなる調査のための基盤を提供します.