p53依存アポトーシスは,抗がん剤の細胞毒性を調節する
1Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
Cell
|September 24, 1993
まとめ
アデノウイルスE1Aの腫瘍遺伝子は,細胞を抗がん剤に敏感にします. 腫瘍抑制剤p53は,がん細胞死亡に不可欠であり,化学療法に対する感受性と耐性に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- がん研究 がん研究
- 細胞アポトシスによる細胞アポトシス.
背景:
- 抗がん薬の標的は知られているが,選択的な癌細胞死と薬剤耐性のメカニズムはあまり理解されていない.
- 抗がん剤に対する細胞応答におけるp53の役割については,さらなる体系的な調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 様々な抗がん剤に対する細胞の感受性および耐性におけるp53の必要性を調査する.
- 腫瘍遺伝子が化学療法に対する細胞の反応に影響を与えるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- p53欠乏したマウスの胚性線維芽細胞を用いた.
- 細胞の感受性と電離放射線,5-フッ素ウラシル,エトポシド,アドリアマイシンに対する耐性を調べました.
主要な成果:
- アデノウイルスE1Aの腫瘍遺伝子は,複数の抗がん剤によって誘発されたアポプトーシスに対する繊維芽細胞を敏感にします.
- 腫瘍抑制タンパク質p53は,細胞死プログラムの効率的な実行に不可欠であることが判明しました.
- 異なる刺激は,共通の細胞死経路を活性化することができます.
結論:
- 多くの抗がん剤の細胞毒性効果には,最初の薬物標的相互作用を超えたプロセスが含まれています.
- アポトーシスにおけるp53の役割は,腫瘍細胞が抗がん剤に対するクロスレジスタンスを発達させるメカニズムを示唆する.
関連する概念動画
Negative Regulator Molecules
32.1K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
32.1K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
8.5K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
8.5K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.0K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.2K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.2K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
4.7K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
4.7K
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle
2.4K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
2.4K


