関連する実験動画
Updated: Aug 18, 2026

11:17
Sensing of Barrier Tissue Disruption with an Organic Electrochemical Transistor
Published on: February 10, 2014
分子"フェンス"とパラセルラー"ゲート"の機能の解離は,上皮質の緊密な結合で起こる
L J Mandel1, R Bacallao, G Zampighi
1Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Nature
|February 11, 1993
まとめ
エネルギー枯渇は,緊密な交差点の機能を分離し,ゲートを無効にしますが,フェンスを保存します. この発見は,上皮膜のバリア形成と細胞の極性についての理解に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 皮質生物学 エピテリア生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 皮質形態変異は,細胞表面の極性およびパラセルラー輸送を調節する緊密な接合点 (TJs) を確立することを含む.
- 現存するモデルでは,TJ鎖が"フェンス" (脂質/タンパク質の拡散を防止する) と"ゲート" (イオン/非電解質の輸送を制限する) の両方を生み出すと提案されている.
研究 の 目的:
- TJの"ゲート"機能と"フェンス"機能の異なる役割を調査する.
- この2つの関数が実験的に分離できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 皮質細胞の実験的なエネルギー枯渇.
- ゲート機能を評価するために,トランセピテリア電気抵抗 (TER) の測定.
- フェンス機能を評価するために,脂質極性の評価.
主要な成果:
- エネルギー枯渇により,TJゲート機能が廃止され,TERが著しく減少した.
- TJフェンス機能は,脂質極性の維持によって実証されたように,無傷のままです.
- これらの結果は,TJゲートとフェンス機能の最初の実験的分離を提供します.
結論:
- 狭い交差点のゲートとフェンスの機能は分離可能である.
- エネルギー枯渇は,特に,フェンスに影響を与えることなく,ゲート機能を妨害します.
- これは,上皮膜の障壁の整合性と細胞の極性に基づく分子メカニズムに関する新しい洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Contact-dependent Signaling
Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions
The complex three-dimensional arrangement of cells in any multicellular organism is defined and maintained by interactions of cells with each other and the extracellular matrix. Cell-cell junctions are specialized structures where the multi-protein complexes on one cell interact with the multi-protein complexes on another cell. These cell junctions are classified into three main types based on their function — occluding, anchoring, and gap junctions.
Occluding or Tight Junctions
Tight...
Occluding or Tight Junctions
Tight...
Adherens Junctions
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...
Tight Junctions
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin homology) domains...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin homology) domains...

