アポトーシスとダウンの症候群ニューロンにおける活性酸素種の生成の増加 in vitro
1Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|December 21, 1995
まとめ
ダウン症候群 (トリソミー21) のニューロンは,活性酸素種が増えたためにアポトーシスを受けます. 抗酸化剤の治療は,この神経変退を予防し,認知障害とアルツハイマー病のリスクに貢献する代謝欠陥を示唆します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- ダウン症候群 (DS),またはトリソミー21は,知的障害の主要な遺伝的原因です.
- DSにおける脳の発達には,ニューロン数が減少し,異常な分化が伴う.
- DSの成人は,アルツハイマー病を発症するリスクが高くなります.
研究 の 目的:
- ダウン症候群における神経変性の根本的な原因を調査する.
- 酸化ストレスがDSニューロン細胞死に関与するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 胎児DSの培養された皮質ニューロンと,年齢相応の正常な脳を比較した.
- ニューロンの生存能力,分化,アポトーシス,および活性酸素種 (ROS) レベルが評価されました.
- DSニューロン生存に対するフリーラジカルスキャベンジャーとカタラゼの効果を評価した.
主要な成果:
- DSニューロンは,培養中に正常に微分化したが,その後アポトーシスを経験した.
- 正常なニューロンは,同じ培養条件下でも生存可能であった.
- フリーラジカルスキャベンジャーまたはカタラゼによる治療は,DSニューロン退化を予防しました.
- DSニューロンは,細胞内ROS濃度が著しく上昇し,細胞死亡に先立つ脂質過酸化を示した.
結論:
- ダウン症候群のニューロンは,反応性酸素種代謝の欠陥を有し,アポトーシスを引き起こします.
- この酸化ストレス欠陥は,DSにおける知的障害の基礎となり,人生の後半にアルツハイマー病の罹患を誘発する可能性がある.
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