グルカゴンのようなペプチド-1が栄養の中央調節における役割
1Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Nature
|January 4, 1996
まとめ
脳に注射されたグルカゴン類ペプチド-1 (GLP-1) は,ネズミの食物摂取を大幅に減らす. これは,中央のGLP-1が満腹感の重要な信号として作用し,食事行動に影響を及ぼすことを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経内分泌学の神経内分泌学
- 生理学 生理学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- グルカゴン型ペプチド-1 (7-36) アミド (GLP-1) の配列は哺乳類全体に保存され,重要な生理学的機能を示している.
- GLP-1とその受容体は下垂体で見つかりますが,生理学における中心的な役割は確立されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 給食行動の調節における中央GLP-1の生理学的役割を調査する.
- GLP-1が脳内の飽和の媒介者として作用するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- GLP-1とGLP-1受容体抗体エクセンディン (9-39) の脳内静脈内注射 (ICV) を,空腹と飽和したラットに投与した.
- ICV注射後の食事摂取の評価について.
- 特定の脳領域におけるc-fos誘導を用いたニューロン活性化の測定.
主要な成果:
- ICV GLP-1の投与は,断食ラットの餌を大幅に抑制しました.
- エクセンディン (9-39) は,GLP-1の摂食抑制効果を阻害し,飽き飽きしたネズミの摂食を増加させた.
- GLP-1は,視床下部と中枢桃体のパラベントリキュラー核におけるc-fos発現を誘導し,エクセンディン (9-39) によってブロックされた.
結論:
- 中央GLP-1は,栄養の強力な阻害剤として作用する.
- GLP-1は,下垂体と桃体経路に作用することによって,飽和の生理学的媒介者として機能します.
- これらの発見は,食欲の調節における中央GLP-1の新たな役割を確立しています.
さらに関連する動画
08:47Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
Published on: December 7, 2017
12.6K
08:32Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain
Published on: January 4, 2018
11.6K
関連する概念動画
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
7.4K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
7.4K
Regulation of Food Intake
2.8K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
2.8K
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose
4.3K
Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
4.3K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
2.8K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
2.8K
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
1.3K
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.3K
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
1.3K
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
1.3K
