2.1A解像度でGタンパク質ベータガンマダイマーの結晶構造
J Sondek1, A Bohm, D G Lambright
1Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.
Nature
|January 25, 1996
まとめ
この研究は,Gタンパク質トランスデューシンベータガンマジメの結晶構造を明らかにし,ベータサブユニットの7刃のベータプロペラ構造とガンマサブユニットとの相互作用を詳細に説明しています. これは,WDの繰り返し領域とGタンパク質のシグナル伝達に関する洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- 細胞の信号伝達は,ヘトロトリメリックGタンパク質 (Gアルファベータガンマ) と結合した7つの螺旋状のトランスメブラン受容体に依存しています.
- 活性化された受容体は,ヘテロトリマーの解離をGアルファおよびGベータガンマサブユニットに誘発し,これは下流エフェクターを調節する.
研究 の 目的:
- Gタンパク質トランスデューシンのベータ・ガンマ・ジメールの結晶構造を決定する.
- Gタンパク質ベータ・ガンマ・ダイマー相互作用の構造的基礎と,信号伝達におけるその役割を解明する.
主な方法:
- 多波長異常 difraktion (MAD) データの収集. 多波長異常 difraktion (MAD) データの収集. 多波長異常 difraktion (MAD) データの収集. 多波長異常 difraktion (MAD) データの収集.
- タンパク質の構造を解明するためのX線結晶学.
主要な成果:
- トランスデューシンβ・ガンマ・ジメルの結晶構造が解明されました.
- ベータサブユニットは,ガンマサブユニットに囲まれた7刃のベータプロペラを備えています.
- この構造は,WDリピートの立体化学とWDリピートを含むドメインのアーキテクチャを明確にします.
結論:
- 解かれた構造は,Gタンパク質ベータ・ガンマサブユニット相互作用の詳細な見方を提供します.
- この構造情報は,Gタンパク質ベータ・ガンマ・ダイマーファミリーのエフェクター調節に不可欠な領域を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
G-protein Coupled Receptors
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
Protein and Protein Structure
Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Globular and Fibrous Proteins
Many proteins can be classified into two distinct subtypes - globular or fibrous. These two types differ in their shapes and solubilities.
Globular proteins are also known as spheroproteins and typically are approximately round in shape. They contain a mix of amino acid types and contain differing sequences in their primary structures. Globular proteins have many different functions, such as enzymes, cellular messengers, and molecular transporters. These roles often require the proteins to be...
Globular proteins are also known as spheroproteins and typically are approximately round in shape. They contain a mix of amino acid types and contain differing sequences in their primary structures. Globular proteins have many different functions, such as enzymes, cellular messengers, and molecular transporters. These roles often require the proteins to be...
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels
In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high affinity and are together...
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors
G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...


