関連する実験動画
Updated: Aug 11, 2026

12:19
Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
Published on: January 21, 2012
レチノブラストームのタンパク質によるRNAポリメラーゼIIIの転写抑制
R J White1, D Trouche, K Martin
1Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, UK. rwhite@udcf.gla.ac.uks
Nature
|July 4, 1996
まとめ
網膜芽細胞腫タンパク質 (Rb) は,細胞成長の重要なプロセスであるRNAポリメラーゼIII (pol III) の転写を抑制する. Rb機能の喪失は,ポルIIIの活性を高め,がんにおける制御不能の細胞増殖に貢献します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- RNAポリメラーゼ (pol) IIIの転写は細胞サイクルによって調節され,SとG2段階ではより高い活性がある.
- トランスフォーメーションされた細胞はしばしば,急速な成長を支えるために,ポルIIIの活性が高くなります.
- 網膜芽細胞腫 (Rb) タンパク質は,細胞増殖を制御する腫瘍抑制剤であり,がんでは頻繁に変異を起こします.
研究 の 目的:
- RNAポリメラーゼIII (polIII) 転写の調節における網膜芽細胞瘤タンパク質 (Rb) の役割を調査する.
- Rb媒介によるpol III活性抑制が細胞サイクル停止および腫瘍抑制に寄与するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- インビトロとインビボの転写アッセイ.
- Rb欠乏SAOS2細胞とRb-/-マウスの線維芽細胞の分析.
- Rbポケットドメイン変異とウイルスオンコタンパク質の相互作用の評価.
主要な成果:
- Rbは,pol IIIの転写レベルを in vitro と in vivo で抑制する能力を示しています.
- Rb欠乏細胞とRb-/-マウス線維芽細胞は,ポルIII活性が増加している.
- Rbのポケットドメインの変異とウイルスタンパク質による無活性化は,Rb媒介によるポルIII抑制を緩和する.
結論:
- ポリIII転写の抑制は,Rbが成長停止を誘発するメカニズムである.
- ポリIII調節によるタンパク質バイオシンセシスの抑制は,腫瘍発達の予防に不可欠である可能性があります.
- ポリIII転写の制御におけるRbの役割は,腫瘍抑制における新しい経路を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
Negative Regulator Molecules
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
The Retinoblastoma Gene
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...

