Caenorhabditis elegans 遺伝子 ces-2 によってコードされたプログラム細胞死の転写調節器
M M Metzstein1, M O Hengartner, N Tsung
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
Nature
|August 8, 1996
まとめ
C. elegans の ces-2 遺伝子は,プログラムされた細胞死を活性化します. そのタンパク質産物であるCES-2は,哺乳類のPARタンパク質に似た転写因子であり,細胞死経路における保存された役割を示唆する.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- C. elegans の細胞死特異性 (ces) 遺伝子は,プログラムされた細胞死を調節する.
- これらの遺伝子は,進化的に細胞死を制御する保存された経路の候補である.
- これらの遺伝子を理解することで,基本的な生物学的過程の洞察が得られます.
研究 の 目的:
- この遺伝子の最初の分子特性分析を行うこと.
- プログラム細胞死における ces-2 遺伝子の役割を調査する.
- 細胞死調節体の進化的保存を調査する.
主な方法:
- C. elegans. から ces-2 遺伝子をクローンした.
- 基本領域のルシン-ジッパー (bZIP) 転写因子としての ces-2 遺伝子製品の識別.
- 既知の転写因子ファミリーとCES-2タンパク質の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- ces-2遺伝子がクローンされ,特徴づけられました.
- ces-2は,特定のC. elegansニューロン (NSM姉妹細胞) のプログラム細胞死を活性化するために不可欠です.
- CES-2タンパク質は,DNA結合特異性を含むbZIPタンパク質の PARサブファミリーと有意な類似性を共有しています.
結論:
- ces-2遺伝子は,C. elegans. のプログラム細胞死に不可欠な bZIP転写因子をコードする.
- CES-2タンパク質が哺乳類のPARタンパク質と類似していることは,細胞死を調節するこのファミリーの進化的に保存された役割を示唆しています.
- この発見は,CES-2/PARファミリーの転写因子が,種間のプログラム細胞死の保存レギュレータであるという仮説を支持する.
さらに関連する動画
08:51Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling
Published on: June 25, 2015
07:53Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
Published on: January 1, 2018
関連する概念動画
01:23Negative Regulator Molecules
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
02:19Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
01:30Overview of Cell Death
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...
01:24Caspases
Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside cells.
01:16Necrosis
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...