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Updated: May 12, 2026

07:27
Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
Published on: April 30, 2010
E. coli RNAポリメラーゼシグマファクターシグマ70の機能は,プロモーター-近接パウシングにおける
B Z Ring1, W S Yarnell, J W Roberts
1Section of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Cell
|August 9, 1996
まとめ
E. coli RNAポリメラーゼのシグマ70因子は,延長中の転写パウスを誘発する. この一時停止は,特定のDNA配列によって媒介され,シグマ70がテンプレートでないDNA鎖に結合することを要求します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- シグマ70 (σ70) は,E. coli RNAポリメラーゼの重要なサブユニットであり,主に転写開始における役割で知られています.
- σ70の精密な機能は,特に伸縮期において,開始後の,活発な調査の領域であり続けています.
研究 の 目的:
- 初期の伸縮期における転写停止を誘発するシグマ70の役割を調査する.
- 停止誘導に関与するDNA信号とシグマ70領域を識別する.
- シグマ70が一時停止時にDNAと相互作用するメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- E. coli RNAポリメラーゼにおける転写停止の分析.
- パウズ誘導に起因するDNA配列の識別.
- 休憩におけるシグマ70領域の役割を決定する生化学的分析.
- 停止した転写複合体内のシグマ70の存在の特徴.
主要な成果:
- シグマ70は,延伸の初期段階で転写停止を誘導し,ファグラムダ遺伝子Qアンチターミネーター活性を促進します.
- シグマ70 - 10 プロモーターコンセンサスに似たDNA配列が,一時停止誘発信号として特定されました.
- シグマ70の領域2と3は,一時停止を誘導するのに十分である.
- シグマ70は,一時停止に不可欠であり,一時停止の転写複合体内に留まっています.
- 停止は,テンプレートでない単一鎖DNA鎖の塩基特異的認識によって誘発されます.
結論:
- シグマ70は,遺伝子発現を調節するために,開始と早期延長の両方で作用し,転写において二重の役割を果たします.
- このメカニズムは,シグマ70がトランスクリプションバブル内のノンテンプレートDNA鎖を認識することを含む.
- シグマ70は,プロモーターのクリアランス後にコアRNAポリメラーゼと関連づけられ,一時停止部位に移行する可能性がある.
関連する概念動画
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Transcription Elongation Factors
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
Bacterial Transcription
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Transcription Elongation Factors
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
Transcription in Prokaryotes
Transcription is a highly regulated process that converts genetic information into RNA molecules. The transcription cycle is divided into three key stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each driven by specific molecular mechanisms.Initiation of TranscriptionIn bacteria, transcription begins when the RNA polymerase core enzyme associates with a sigma factor to form a holoenzyme. For example, the E. coli sigma factor called σ70 forms a holoenzyme, which recognizes the -10 (Pribnow box)...

