透析器の再使用が,血液透析で治療された患者の生存に与える影響
H I Feldman1, M Kinosian, W B Bilker
1Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia 19104-6021, USA.
JAMA
|August 28, 1996
まとめ
独立した米国の透析施設で,ペラセチン/エセティック酸を併用した透析器の再使用は,患者の死亡率を増加させる可能性があります. フォーマルデヒドのような代替除菌剤は,生存率の有意な違いを示さなかったため,患者の安全性に関する懸念が高まった.
科学分野:
- ネフロロジーは腎臓科
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 医療機器の再処理 医療機器の再処理
背景:
- 透析器の再利用は,費用を削減するために,血液透析における一般的な慣行です.
- ステリラントの再処理の選択は,患者の結果に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 以前の研究では,透析器の再利用の安全性に関して,異なった結果が得られました.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における血液透析器再利用の実践と患者の生存率との関連を調査する.
- ヘモダイアリス患者の生存に対する異なる再処理ステリラントの影響を比較する.
主な方法:
- 米国で1986年から1987年の間に血液透析を開始した患者27,938人を対象とした非同期コホート研究.
- 患者の生存率は,主なアウトカムメーターでした.
- 分析は,再処理状態と使用された除菌剤 (ペラセチン/酸エステル,ホルマルデヒド,グルタラルデヒド) に基づく生存率を比較し,自立施設と病院ベースの施設で比較した.
主要な成果:
- 独立施設でペラセチス/エセチック酸でダイアライザーを再処理することは,再処理施設でない施設と比較して,より高い死亡率 (RR,1.10; P=.02) と関連していました.
- 独立した施設でのフォーマルアルデヒドとグルタラルデヒド再処理は,生存における有意な違いを示さなかった.
- 病院での再処理施設で使用されるステリラントについては,生存率の有意な差は認められませんでした.
結論:
- 独立した透析施設でのペラセチン/エセティック酸再処理は,患者の生存率の低下と関連している可能性があります.
- 死亡率の増加が患者の併発性,処置の質,または直接的な殺菌剤の毒性によるものであるかどうかを判断するために,さらなる調査が必要である.
- この発見は,米国における血液透析患者の回避可能な死亡率に関する潜在的な懸念を浮き彫りにしています.
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