緊急事態における脆弱な人々をターゲットにすること:誰が脆弱なのか?
1Médecins Sans Frontières Holland, Nairobi, Kenya.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 28, 1996
まとめ
緊急事態において,幼い子どもは死亡率が高くなる一方,年上の子どもや成人はリスクによって不釣り合いな影響を受けます. 公衆衛生の介入は,全体的な死亡率を効果的に減らすために,すべての年齢層を考慮する必要があります.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 災害医療 災害医療について
背景:
- 戦争や自然災害などの緊急事態は,病気,暴力,飢餓に対する人口の脆弱性を高めます.
- 緊急公衆衛生介入は,基本的ニーズ,脆弱性の軽減,リスクの軽減に焦点を当てています.
- 現在の介入は,通常の状況下でもこのグループの死亡率が高いにもかかわらず,主に5歳未満の子どもを対象としています.
研究 の 目的:
- 小児の死亡の相対的リスクを,より年上の子供や成人と比較する.
- 通常の状況と非常事態の両方で死亡リスクを分析する.
主な方法:
- 3つの緊急事態における難民キャンプの死亡率データを調査した.
- 難民の出身国から計算されたベースライン死亡率.
- 正常状態と緊急状態の間の相対的なリスクを比較する.
主要な成果:
- 死亡率は,5歳未満の子供では,通常の状況と緊急状況の両方で,高齢者よりも高かった.
- 5歳未満の子供の相対的な死亡リスクは,通常の状況と比較して,緊急事態において低かった.
- 高齢の子供や大人は,緊急事態の際に不釣り合いに高いリスクを経験しました.
結論:
- 死亡率を効果的に減らすために,緊急公衆衛生戦略には,5歳以上の人口が含まれなければならない.
- リスクを評価し,原因を特定し,緊急事態におけるすべての年齢層のためのプログラムを設計するために,特定のツールの開発が必要です.
関連する概念動画
Bystander Effect
The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-I
Specialized care settings or centers are situated in convenient locations within the community and offer care to a specific group or population. They consist of daycare facilities, mental health facilities, rural health facilities, educational institutions, industries, shelters for the homeless, and rehabilitation facilities.
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...
Daycare centers
They provide several functions. Some facilities care for healthy newborns and children whose parents work, while others are medically focused and care for...
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch
The history of therapeutic communication can be traced back to Florence Nightingale, who emphasized the importance of developing trusting relationships with patients. She taught that the presence of nurses with patients results in therapeutic healing.
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Introduction Cardiac Emergencies
Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...


