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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 8, 2026

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation
09:48

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation

Published on: August 22, 2010

起源認識複合体とXenopusの複製ライセンスシステムとの相互作用

A Rowles1, J P Chong, L Brown

  • 1Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, Herts, United Kingdom.

Cell
|October 18, 1996
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

起源認識複合体 (ORC) は,DNA複製の開始に極めて重要です. Xenopusでは,XORC1の枯渇が複製を停止し,ORCの染色体への結合は,複製の起源を許可するために不可欠です.

さらに関連する動画

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development
09:22

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development

Published on: February 9, 2015

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System
09:40

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System

Published on: January 30, 2016

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation
09:48

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation

Published on: August 22, 2010

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development
09:22

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development

Published on: February 9, 2015

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System
09:40

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System

Published on: January 30, 2016

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • 起源認識複合体 (ORC) は,真核生物におけるDNA複製の開始の重要な調節体である.
  • 異なる種におけるORCの機能を理解することは,細胞サイクル制御を理解するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • ORC (XORC1) のXenopusホモログをクローンして特徴づけること.
  • Xenopus卵抽出物におけるDNA複製の開始と認可におけるXORC1とXenopus ORC (XORC) の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • XORC1.1のクローニング
  • Xenopusの卵エキスを用いて免疫低下を測定する.
  • XORC.の浄化について
  • クロマチンの結合測定は,細胞サイクルを通して行われます.

主要な成果:

  • Xenopus XORC1がクローンされ,その枯渇がDNA複製の開始を阻害しました.
  • 浄化されたXORCは酵母ORCに似ており,G1とS段階を通してクロマチンを結合します.
  • ライセンスファクターであるRLF-Mの染色体結合は,ORCに依存し,開始タンパク質の連続組立を可能にします.

結論:

  • XORCは,XenopusのDNA複製を開始する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
  • ORCがクロマチンと結合することは,複製ライセンシングマシーンを組み立てるための前提条件です.
  • この研究は,DNA複製の起源の細胞サイクル依存の調節における重要なステップを明らかにしています.