大規模な試験と小規模な試験のメタアナリシス:それらの結果はどのように比較されますか?
J C Cappelleri1, J P Ioannidis, C H Schmid
1Division of Clinical Care Research, New England Medical Center, Boston, Mass. 02111, USA.
JAMA
|October 23, 1996
まとめ
大規模な臨床試験と小規模な試験をまとめた場合,一般的に一致しますが,不一致が発生することがあります. 臨床的に有意な差異は稀であり,研究タイプ間の異質性に関するさらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- 臨床試験の方法論 臨床試験の方法論
- メタアナリシス研究の研究
背景:
- 大規模な臨床試験と小規模な研究の総合分析の一貫性を評価することは,エビデンスベースの医学にとって極めて重要です.
- 以前の研究では,異なる研究サイズの結果の一致性を完全に探求できませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- 大規模な臨床試験の結果を,複数の小規模な試験から得られた結果と比較する.
- 大規模な研究結果と小規模な研究結果の不一致の頻度と潜在的な原因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 体系的な検索により,主要なデータベースから少なくとも1つの大規模な研究 (≥1000人の患者) を含むメタ分析が特定されました.
- サンプルサイズと統計力の2つの選択アプローチが使用されました.
- ランダム効果モデルが主に分析に使用され,固定効果モデルが比較に使用されました.
主要な成果:
- ランダム効果モデルを使用した大型試験と小型試験の間で高い合意 (90%と82%) が観察されました.
- 不一致は固定効果モデルではより頻繁に見られ,研究変動を考慮する重要性を強調した.
- 意見の相違の合理的な説明には,対照群のイベント率,研究プロトコル,および潜在的な出版バイアスの違いが含まれていました.
結論:
- 小規模な研究の結果は,大きな試験の結果と通常一致しますが,時々不一致があります.
- 研究タイプ間の臨床的に有意な差異はまれで,しばしば説明可能である.
- 大規模な臨床試験と小規模な臨床試験の異質性の原因をさらに調査することが推奨されます.
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