米国の医師の労働力をベンチマークする. 需要に基づく計画や需要に基づく計画に代わるものです
D C Goodman1, E S Fisher, T A Bubolz
1Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
JAMA
|December 11, 1996
まとめ
人口ベースのベンチマークは,医師の労働力のニーズを推定するための実用的な方法を提供します. このアプローチは,十分な医師の供給を確保するために,需要または需要に基づく計画よりも優れています.
科学分野:
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- 医療人材計画 医療人材計画
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
背景:
- 伝統的な医師の労働力プランニングは,需要または需要に基づくモデルに依存しています.
- これらの方法は,地域医療市場に必要な医師の実際の供給を正確に反映していない可能性があります.
- 臨床的に活発な医師の労働力を推定するには,別のアプローチが必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 代替計画方法として,人口ベースのベンチマークを提案し,評価する.
- 米国における合理的な規模で,臨床的に活発な医師の労働力を推定する.
- 異なる地域医療市場における医師の供給を比較する.
主な方法:
- 1993年の医師のマスターファイルの横断分析 (アメリカ医学会とアメリカ骨科医協会).
- 米国の306の病院紹介地域における居住者集団の分析.
- 人口1人当たりの医師数 (人口統計と利用率に調整) を,大規模な医療維持機関 (HMO) や特定の地域市場を含むベンチマークと比較.
主要な成果:
- 米国の人口の96%は,HMOの基準値よりも一般的な医師の労働力が多い地域で住んでいました.
- 専門職労働力は全人口の74%で3つの基準を上回った.
- 人口1人当たりのジェネラリストの労働力と地域内のジェネラリストの割合との間に有意な関係が見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- 人口ベースのベンチマークは,医師の労働力の見積もりのための需要または需要に基づく計画よりも実用的な利点を提供します.
- 医者の労働力のベンチマークは,地域ごとに異なる雇用機会を強調しています.
- 一般医と専門医の比率は,一般医の労働力供給を適切に測定できないため,労働力の規模と人口の結果に関するさらなる研究が必要である.
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