処方薬の誤りに関連した要因
T S Lesar1, L Briceland, D S Stein
1Department of Pharmacy, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208, USA.
JAMA
|January 22, 1997
まとめ
薬の処方誤りは,腎臓/肝臓の機能の変化,アレルギー,誤った薬名や計算などの要因に起因することが多い. これらの一般的な問題に対処することで,薬剤の副作用による患者の害を大幅に減らすことができます.
科学分野:
- 医療情報工学 医療情報工学
- クリニック薬局 臨床薬局
- 患者の安全性について
背景:
- 薬の処方誤りは,患者の安全に大きなリスクをもたらします.
- これらのエラーの根本原因を特定することは,効果的な予防戦略の開発に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 薬の処方ミスに寄与する要因の種類と頻度を体系的に特定し,定量化する.
- これらのエラーに関連した有害な患者のアウトカムの可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 臨床的重要性を有する3分の1の処方誤差の体系的な評価は,三次医療の教科病院で1年間にわたって行われました.
- エラーは同時に潜在的な有害な結果について評価され,医師や薬剤師によって遡って分析され,関連する要因を特定しました.
主要な成果:
- 潜在的に有害な影響を及ぼす696件のエラーが分析されました.
- 最も頻発した特定の要因には,腎臓/肝臓機能の変化 (13.9%),患者のアレルギー歴 (12.1%),誤った薬物の命名 (11.4%),用量計算の誤り (11.1%),非典型的用量頻度 (10.8%) が含まれていた.
- 共通要因グループには,薬物療法に関する知識 (30%),薬物療法に影響する患者の要因 (29.2%),計算/表現の誤り (17.5%),および命名に関する問題 (13.4%) が関連していた.
結論:
- 多くの特定可能な要因が,薬剤の処方ミスの大部分に関連しています.
- これらの共通因子に対する教育,技術,およびリスク管理の取り組みをターゲットにすることで,薬物の副作用による患者のリスクを軽減することができます.
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