関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Primary Endodermal Epithelial Cell Culture from the Yolk Sac Membrane of Japanese Quail Embryos

Primary Endodermal Epithelial Cell Culture from the Yolk Sac Membrane of Japanese Quail Embryos

Published on: March 10, 2016

カーボキシペプチダゼEは,調節された分泌経路の分類受容体である:遺伝的消去は,Cpe (脂肪) マウスの内分泌障害につながる

D R Cool¹, E Normant, F Shen

¹Section on Cellular Neurobiology, Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.

|January 10, 1997

まとめ

カーボキシペプチダゼE (CPE) は,内分泌細胞における調節された分泌タンパク質の重要な分類受容体として作用する. 変異したマウスの体内には含まれていないため,タンパク質の誤分類や内分泌障害を引き起こします.

科学分野:

分子内分泌学分子内分泌学
細胞生物学細胞生物学
神経内分泌学の神経内分泌学

背景:

調節分泌経路 (RSP) は,内分泌および神経内分泌細胞におけるホルモン放出に不可欠である.
タンパク質を分泌粒に分類することはRSPの重要なステップですが,その背後にあるメカニズムは完全に理解されていません.
特定の分類受容体を特定することは,細胞分泌の理解に不可欠です.

研究の目的:

RSP経由で分泌粒子をタンパク質に標的にする分類受容体を特定する.
タンパク質の分類と内分泌細胞の分泌におけるこの受容体の役割を調査する.
レセプター欠乏が内分泌機能に及ぼす影響を判断する.

主な方法:

pituitary Golgi と secretory granule membrane のソートリング受容体を特定するための局所化研究.
結合試験は,RSPタンパク質に対する受容体の特異性を,構成分泌タンパク質との比較で評価するものです.
特定された受容体が欠けているCpe (脂肪) 変異マウスモデルにおけるタンパク質の分類と分泌の分析.

主要な成果:

膜関連カルボキシペプチダゼE (CPE) は,分類受容体として特定されました.
CPEは,プロホルモンを含む,特に結合された,規制された分泌経路タンパク質に特異的に結合します.
Cpe (脂肪) 変異マウスの場合,プロオピオメラノコルチンは構成経路に誤差され,無規則な分泌につながった.

結論:

CPEは,内分泌細胞の調節された分泌タンパク質の重要な分類受容体として機能します.
CPE機能の喪失は,タンパク質の分類が損なわれ,分泌が制御されない結果になる.
CPEの欠乏は,突然変異したマウスの場合,ハイパープロインスリン血症や不妊症を含む複数の内分泌障害を引き起こす.

さらに関連する動画

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

Generation of Centromere-Associated Protein-E CENP-E-/- Knockout Cell Lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

Generation of Centromere-Associated Protein-E CENP-E^-/- Knockout Cell Lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 System

Published on: June 23, 2023

関連する概念動画

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

Role of ER in the Secretory Pathway

Role of ER in the Secretory Pathway

Eukaryotic cells have a special pathway that enables communication between various intracellular membrane-bound compartments and also with the extracellular environment. This pathway is termed as the secretory pathway.
Components of the secretory pathway
About a third of proteins synthesized in the cell are sorted via the secretory route. They shuffle between different compartments in membrane-bound vesicles until they reach their final destination. The main intracellular compartments involved...

Protein Import into the Peroxisomes

Protein Import into the Peroxisomes

Cells contain membrane-bound organelles called peroxisomes that oxidize organic molecules by transferring hydrogen atoms to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes enzymatically convert the released hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Peroxisomal Protein Import:
Peroxisomes lack the genetic machinery required to code for their own proteins. Hence, most peroxisomal membrane, lumenal and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm or ER and transported to the peroxisome...

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...