原始的な条件下で (Fe,Ni) Sに炭素を固定することによって活性化エステル酸を活性化します
1Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
まとめ
実験によると,ニッケル鉄硫化物は,熱水温下では,一酸化炭素とメチルメルキャプタンから活性化チオエステルを形成し,生命の初期化学を模倣することが示されています. セレニウム改変により,一酸化炭素と硫化水素からエステル酸の合成が可能になり,原始的な代謝経路を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 天体生物学と生命の起源 研究研究
- 地化学と鉱物触媒
- バイオジオケミストリーと初期代謝
背景:
- 還元性アセチルコエンザイムA経路は,重要な代謝プロセスです.
- 熱水噴出孔は,生命の起源の可能性のある場所と考えられています.
- 原始的な化学反応を理解することは,生命の起源の研究にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 還元性アセチル共酵素A経路反応を水熱条件下でモデル化するために.
- 主要な有機分子の合成におけるNiS-FeS鉱物の触媒的可能性を調査する.
- 鉱物触媒反応による生命の化学的自己栄養的起源の実現可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- コプレプリペイトされたNiSとFeSの水性スラージを用いた水熱条件の実験シミュレーション.
- 炭素一酸化物 (CO) とメチルメルキャプタン (CH3SH) を反応させ,活性化チオエステルを作ります.
- NiS-FeS触媒をセレンで改造し,一酸化炭素 (CO) と硫化水素 (H2S) と反応する.
主要な成果:
- コプレシピテッドのNiS-FeSは,COとCH3SHを活性化チオエステルCH3-CO-SCH3に変換し,これは酸エステルに水解されます.
- アチテニリドの形成は,アニリンの存在で観察されました.
- セレニウムで改変されたNiS-FeSは,COとH2Sからのみ,乙酸とCH3SHの形成を触媒として作用した.
結論:
- NiS-FeS鉱物は,水熱条件下で,還元性アセチル-コエンザイムA経路に関連する主要な反応を触媒化することができます.
- セレニウム改変により,触媒活性が強化され,より単純な前駆体から酸エステンとメチルメルキャプトンの合成が可能になります.
- これらの発見は,水熱噴出口での鉱物触媒によって開始された生命の化学的オートロフ的起源の仮説を支持する.
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