健康な非喫煙者における短期的な被動喫煙による交感および血管への影響
M Hausberg1, A L Mark, M D Winniford
1Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242-1081, USA.
Circulation
|July 1, 1997
まとめ
パッシブ喫煙,またはサイドストリーム煙への曝露は,健康な非喫煙者における筋肉交感神経活動 (MSNA) をわずかに増加させる. この短期間の被曝は,心拍数,血圧,前腕の血管抵抗を有意に変化させなかった.
科学分野:
- 心血管生理学 心血管の生理学
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
- 自律神経系の研究
背景:
- 活発な喫煙の生理学的影響は十分に文書化されているが,急性被動的 (サイドストリーム) 喫煙曝露の影響は理解されていないままである.
- 自律的反応に対する被動喫煙の影響を調査することは,公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- サイドストリームの煙が筋肉交感神経活動 (MSNA) と前腕血管抵抗 (FVR) に及ぼす急性効果を評価する.
- 受動喫煙が生理学的ストレステスト中に自律的反応を変化させるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 健康な非喫煙者は,サイドストリーム煙またはランダム化クロスオーバー設計の車両 (空気) に晒されました.
- 筋肉の交感神経活動 (MSNA) は,直接の神経内記録で測定されました.
- 血圧,心拍数,前腕の血流は,休息状態および冷圧器テスト,持続した握手,精神的ストレス中にモニタリングされました.
主要な成果:
- サイドストリームの煙への曝露は,休息時のMSNA (23〜28バースト/分) を増加させ,血のニコチンとカルボキシヘモグロビンのレベルを上昇させた.
- 前腕の血管抵抗 (FVR) は増加傾向を示したが,車と比較して統計的に有意ではなかった.
- 心拍数,血圧,およびストレス刺激に対する反応は,冷たい圧力器のテストに対する血圧反応の増加を除いて,ほとんど影響を受けませんでした.
結論:
- 急性,短期的な被動喫煙曝露は,健康な非喫煙者におけるMSNAのわずかな増加を引き起こします.
- パッシブ喫煙は,心拍数,血圧,または前腕の静止状態またはストレス中の血管抵抗を有意に変化させない.
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