ペイヤーのパッチリンパ球によるヒト腸細胞のM細胞への変換は,細菌を輸送するM細胞になります
S Kernéis1, A Bogdanova, J P Kraehenbuhl
1Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 15, 1997
まとめ
研究者は,M細胞が抗原と微生物をどのように運ぶかを研究するために,新しい腸上皮細胞モデルを開発しました. このシステムは,卵泡関連表皮 (FAE) を模倣し,腸の生理学とワクチン開発の研究を支援します.
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 腸内皮質は,マクロ分子や微生物に対するバリアを形成します.
- ペイヤー・パッチ (PPs) は,抗原輸送のためのM細胞を持つ特殊な卵泡関連性上皮質 (FAE) を有する.
- 現存するモデルは,FAEとM細胞の機能を完全に複製できるほど複雑ではない.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸の毛細管関連表 epithelium (FAE) とM細胞の再現可能なin vitroモデルを確立する.
- 制御された環境でM細胞の機能特性を調査する.
- 腸内輸送機構と関連するアプリケーションの研究のためのツールを提供すること.
主な方法:
- ペイヤー・パッチ (PP) リンパ球と微分化したヒト腸内細胞系Caco-2との共培養.
- リンパ球と上皮単層の相互作用の観察.
- エンジニアリングされた上皮質の間の粒子および微生物輸送の評価.
主要な成果:
- 主要なFAEとM細胞の特徴を模倣する培養システムの成功確立.
- ブラシの境界の変化を含むリンパ球誘発の上皮の再編成の実証.
- 粒子とVibrio choleraeの温度依存輸送の証拠をモデルによって示した.
結論:
- 開発されたコカルチャーシステムは,FAEとM細胞生物学の重要な側面を効果的に再現しています.
- このモデルは,腸の生理学の研究を進めるための貴重なプラットフォームを提供します.
- 潜在的な応用には,ワクチン研究と薬物投与システム開発が含まれます.
関連する概念動画
01:15Transcytosis of IgG
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
01:23Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
01:19Absorption of Nutrients
Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...