医学部の大学院教育における緩和ケア. ステータスレポートと将来の方向性
1Palliative Care Service, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114-2698, USA. jbillings@hms.harvard.edu
JAMA
|September 3, 1997
まとめ
医学部では,終末期ケアに関する教育が提供されていますが,特に臨床では,その教育は不十分です. 緩和ケア訓練の改善には,教育プログラムのより良い統合と評価が必要です.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 緩和ケアとは,緩和ケアです.
- 終末期介護は終末期介護である.
背景:
- 終末期の介護のための大学院医学教育は進化しています.
- 緩和ケア訓練は,医師の基本的な能力の発達に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 本科医学カリキュラムにおける緩和ケア教育の現状を評価する.
- 終末期介護訓練の強化のための根拠に基づいた勧告を提案する.
主な方法:
- 緩和ケアと医療教育の助成金に関する包括的な文献レビュー.
- 教育プログラムに関する英語のレポートと医学部の調査の分析.
- 9000以上の引用から選択された180件の論文の体系的なレビュー (1980年-1996年).
主要な成果:
- ほとんどの医学部では,終末期介護の指導が提供されていますが,訓練は,特に臨床期間中に,しばしば不十分です.
- 緩和ケア教育は,生徒の態度とコミュニケーションスキルにポジティブな影響を与えます.
- 現在のカリキュラムは統合が欠如し,講義に大きく依存し,主に臨床前であり,臨床的または家庭/ホスピスケアへの曝露は限られている.
結論:
- 緩和ケアがますます重視されていることから,終末期医療教育の改善の機会が生まれています.
- 教育プログラムの厳格な評価は,緩和ケア訓練のベストプラクティスを特定し,実施するために不可欠です.
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