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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

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The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
米国における薬剤耐性結核の傾向,1993年~1996年
M Moore1, I M Onorato, E McCray
1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
JAMA
|September 18, 1997
まとめ
多剤耐性結核 (MDR TB) は依然として課題であり,症例の2.2%がイソニアジドとリファミシンに耐性がある. 外国生まれ,HIV陽性,および以前に治療を受けた患者は,より高い耐性率を示しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 結核 (TB) は1980年代後半に米国で再発し,多剤耐性結核 (MDR TB) の増加につながった.
- 疾病管理予防センター (CDC) は,耐性傾向を監視するために,1993年に薬物感受性検査の全国的な監視を開始しました.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における薬剤耐性結核の流行とパターンを評価する.
- 薬剤耐性の高い患者グループを特定する.
主な方法:
- 1993年から1996年にかけての国内結核監視データの分析.
- 全50州,ニューヨーク市,コロンビア地区から報告された培養陽性結核症例の含有.
- 特定の抗結核薬に対する耐性比率の計算.
主要な成果:
- 全体的な耐性率は,イソニアジド (8.4%),リファミンピン (3.0%),MDRTB (2.2%),ピラジナミド (3.0%),ストレプトミシン (6.2%),エタムボトル塩化水素 (2.2%).
- 前回のTBエピソード歴のある患者で,より高い耐性率が観察されました.
- 外国生まれの患者およびHIV感染者は,特定の薬剤,特にイソニアジドおよびリファミンピンに対する耐性が高まった.
結論:
- イソニアジド耐性は,以前の調査と比較して安定したままであり,MDRTBは,ニューヨーク市での大幅な減少の影響で,全国的に減少しました.
- 外国生まれの個人,HIV陽性患者,および以前に結核感染症を患っていた人は,薬剤耐性になるリスクが高くなります.
- イソニアジド耐性菌の持続的な流行は,培養菌陽性結核症例の管理において,薬剤感受性検査の必要性を強調しています.
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