アメリカ合衆国における女性のエイズ. 最近のトレンド
1Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Centers for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30333, USA.
JAMA
|September 25, 1997
まとめ
既得免疫不全症候群 (AIDS) の流行は女性に大きな影響を及ぼし,黒人女性や北東部の女性で発生率が最も高い. 特に南部の地域や,異性愛感染の若い女性の間で,継続的な増加が予測されています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
背景:
- 既得免疫不全症候群 (AIDS) の流行は,女性に対して実質的で増大する影響を及ぼしており,発生傾向の更新された分析を必要としています.
- これらの傾向を理解することは,標的を絞った公衆衛生の介入とリソースの配分に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国における女性におけるエイズの発生傾向を分析し,記述する.
- 女性におけるエイズの発生率の増加に関連する人口統計的および行動的要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 1996年6月までにエイズと診断された13歳以上の女性の国家監視データの分析.
- 報告の遅延,報告されていない危険因子,および1993年に改訂されたエイズ症例定義のデータ調整.
- 年齢グループ,出生コホート,地理的地域,伝播方法による傾向の検討.
主要な成果:
- 1995年,成人エイズ患者の19%は女性でした. 発生率は,黒人女性 (50.1/100,000),北東部の女性 (22.3/100,000),異性との接触によって感染した女性 (5.5/100,000) の間で最も高い.
- 1991年から1995年の間,エイズの発生率の最大の増加は,南部の米国と異性感染経由で感染した女性の間で観察されました.
- エイズ発生率の最も顕著な上昇は,1970年から1974年の間に生まれた女性で,1988年には14歳から18歳であった.
結論:
- 予測される傾向は,女性,特に南部の女性,そして異性愛者感染者の間で,エイズ症例の継続的な増加を示しています.
- 連続した若い女性のコホートは,青春期および若年成人期に入ると,ヒト免疫不全ウイルス (HIV) 感染のリスクが高いと特定されています.
- 予防戦略は,将来の感染を軽減するために,性的活動と潜在的な薬物使用の開始前に若い女性を積極的に関与させる必要があります.
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