日本における公的長期介護保険
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. ikegami@mc.med.keio.ac.jp
JAMA
|October 29, 1997
まとめ
日本 日本 日本 日本 日本.
科学分野:
- 健康政策 保健政策 保健政策
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- ソーシャル・インシュアランス・ソーシャル・保険
背景:
- 急速に高齢化している日本社会は,長期ケア (LTC) のリソースを増やす必要がある.
- 既存のシステムへの不満は,公共のLTC保険プログラムへの必要性を高めています.
- 日本では2000年に全国的なLTC保険プログラムの導入が計画されている.
研究 の 目的:
- 日本の提案された公的長期介護保険プログラムの構造と潜在的な課題を分析する.
- 効率的かつ公平なサービス提供のための重要な考慮事項を特定する.
- 進化する医療の景観における医師の役割を探求する.
主な方法:
- 提案されている日本の公的長期介護保険プログラムの資金調達メカニズム (保険料と課税) の分析.
- 施設介護,リハビートケア,デイケア,ホームヘルパー,訪問看護師,デバイスローンなど,給付構造の検討.
- 機能的および認知状態の評価に基づいて提案された6レベルの適格性分類のレビュー.
主要な成果:
- このプログラムは,40歳以上の個人からの保険料と一般的税金によって,均等に資金提供されます.
- 地方自治体は保険会社として機能し,国民レベルでのプーリングにより,人口動態の変動を管理する.
- 特定された課題には,利益の制限,コストの抑制,適格性分類の設計,評価手段の有効性などがあります.
結論:
- 提案されたシステムは,すべての市民のためのLTCサービスの"基本パッケージ"の定義を必要とします.
- 効率的かつ公平なサービス提供には,堅実な組織機構と評価ツールが必要です.
- 医者をこの新しいモデルに統合することは,従来の医療の役割の外にある可能性があり,21世紀の重要な課題です.
関連する概念動画
Traditional Level Of Health Care System
The levels of care describe the services provided in the healthcare system. Accordingly, there are six levels of the traditional healthcare system in the US: preventive, primary, secondary, tertiary, restorative, and continuing healthcare. A nurse must understand how the healthcare industry organizes and provides services within these levels of care.
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...
Preventive Healthcare Services
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Secondary Healthcare System
Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
Tertiary Healthcare System
Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care to...
Restorative Care
Restorative care is provided once a patient has been discharged from a healthcare facility and requires additional services. The additional services include home care, rehabilitation programs, and extended care. Restorative care centers help the patient regain their previous level of functioning or acquire a new level of functioning due to the incapacitating effects of a disease or a disability. It aims to assist patients in enhancing their quality of life by encouraging independence,...
Continuing Care
Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...

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