カプサイシン受容体: 痛みの経路にある熱で活性化されたイオンチャンネル

M J Caterina¹, M A Schumacher, M Tominaga

¹Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0450, USA.

Nature

|December 31, 1997

まとめ

研究者らは,感覚神経細胞の新しいイオンチャンネルであるカプサイシン受容体を特定しました. この受容体は,カプサイシンと熱によって活性化され,私たちが燃える痛みをどのように感じるか説明します.

科学分野:

神経科学は神経科学である.
分子生物学は分子生物学である.
感覚生理学感覚生理学とは

背景:

チリペッパーに含まれるカプサイシンは,特定の感覚神経細胞を活性化することによって,燃える痛みを引き起こす.
これらのニューロンは,有害な刺激の情報を中枢神経系に伝達する.

研究の目的:

感覚神経細胞から機能的なカプサイシン受容体を分離し,特徴づけること.
カプサイシンによって引き起こされる痛みや熱感覚の基礎となる分子メカニズムを理解するために.

主な方法:

表現のクローン化戦略を利用した.
スクリーニングの基礎として使用されたカルシウム流入.
カプサイシン受容体をコードする補完DNA (cDNA) を分離した.

主要な成果:

カプサイシン受容体の機能的なcDNAを成功裏に分離しました.
受容体は非選択的カチオンチャネルである.
構造的には,イオンチャネルの一族である一時受容電位 (TRP) に関連しています.
カプサイシンと有害な熱刺激によって活性化されます.

結論:

クローンされた受容体は,カプサイシンによって引き起こされる痛みの感覚を媒介する.
この受容体は,痛みのある熱刺激を vivo で伝達するトランスデューサとして作用する.
痛みと温度の研究のための重要な分子標的を特定します.

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