中国では,喫煙による死亡率が高い
1Department of Community Medicine, University of Hong Kong, China. hrmrlth@hkucc.hku.hk
JAMA
|November 18, 1997
まとめ
喫煙は中国の死亡リスクを大幅に増加させ,常に喫煙している人に対して,決して喫煙していない人に対して,すべての原因,癌,心臓病による死亡率が高く見られる. これらの発見は,増大する疫病を防ぐために,たばこ対策の緊急の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 心血管科学の研究について
背景:
- 中国の喫煙と死亡率に関する以前の研究では,追跡期間が短く,リスクを潜在的に過小評価していた.
- 男性の有意な割合 (56%) と女性の少ない割合 (12%) が,研究の開始時に常連喫煙者であると特定されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 中国のコホートにおける喫煙に関連する長期的な (20年) 死亡率を評価する.
- タバコを吸ったことのある人と,タバコを吸ったことのない人の死亡率を比較する.
主な方法:
- 中国西安の機械工場でコホート分析研究が行われました.
- 35歳以上の1696人の参加者 (1124人の男性,572人の女性) が1976年5月に調査されました.
- 全死因および喫煙関連死亡率に関するデータは,20年間の追跡期間中に収集されました.
主要な成果:
- 20年間で218人の参加者が死亡した (173人の男性,45人の女性).
- 常に喫煙している男性は,全因死亡率 (2.42),癌 (2.50),冠動脈疾患 (3.61) の相対リスクが著しく高かった.
- 常に喫煙している女性は,すべての原因による死亡率 (2.32) と冠動脈疾患 (4.67) の相対的なリスクも増加したが,がんのリスクはより顕著ではなかった (1.98).
結論:
- 長期追跡調査は,喫煙が中国における主要な死因であることを確認しており,そのリスクは西欧諸国と同等である.
- 中国では3億人の喫煙者の約半数が,緊急の禁煙対策がなければ,喫煙関連の病気で死亡する可能性がある.
- この研究は,中国でエスカレートする喫煙流行と闘うために公衆衛生戦略の必要性を強調しています.
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