全国の人口サンプルにおける健康格差の起源
1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 11, 1997
まとめ
社会的地位は,生涯にわたる健康リスクに大きく影響し,人生の初期から数十年にわたって格差が蓄積されます. 教育的,感情的発達に取り組むことは,健康の公平性にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学とは
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- ライフ・コース・リサーチ ライフ・コース・リサーチ
背景:
- 健康における社会的不平等は,持続的で未解決の問題である.
- 健康格差の起源を理解するには,人生の初期における社会的地位の影響を調査する必要があります.
- この研究では,成人疾患の危険因子が人生の初期に社会的地位によってどのように変化するかを調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 成人の病気のリスク要因が,人生の初期から社会的地位と体系的に関連している程度を決定する.
- 社会的な起源に基づいて,数十年にわたる健康リスクの蓄積を分析する.
- 健康上の不平等に対する予防戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 1958年イギリスの出生コホート研究を利用した.
- 複数の情報源 (親,教師,医師,参加者) から33歳までのデータを収集しました.
- 大規模なサンプルサイズ (n=11,407 対象年齢33歳) を含めた.
主要な成果:
- 社会的階級の起源は,多くのリスク要因と相関している:身体 (出生体重,BMI),経済 (過密,低所得),健康行動 (喫煙,ダイエット),社会/家族の機能 (離婚,感情的適応),教育/キャリア (失業,仕事のストレス).
- 強い傾向は,より高い社会階級 (I/II) から下層階級 (IV/V) へのリスクの増加を示した.
- 低い社会的起源は,より悪い自己認識の健康状態と症状と関連していました.
結論:
- 社会的地位は,生涯にわたって複数の不良な健康リスクに直面する個人の可能性に大きな影響を与えます.
- 社会的地位に関連した健康リスク要因の傾向は,中年期だけでなく,数十年にわたって発生し,蓄積します.
- すべての社会集団における教育と感情的発達への投資は,効果的な健康行動,職場,所得格差防止戦略に不可欠です.
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