喫煙と動脈硬化症の進行:コミュニティにおける動脈硬化症リスク (ARIC) 研究
G Howard1, L E Wagenknecht, G L Burke
1Department of Public Health Sciences of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063, USA. ghoward@rc.phs.bgsm.edu
JAMA
|January 24, 1998
まとめ
喫煙と環境喫煙 (ETS) への曝露は,動脈硬化症の進行を加速します. 喫煙の累積的な影響は,パック年数で測定され,特に糖尿病や高血圧の患者では,不可逆的な動脈損傷に関連しています.
科学分野:
- 心血管科学 心血管科学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 喫煙は心臓病や脳卒中の重要な危険因子です.
- 動的および被動的喫煙が動脈硬化症の進行に及ぼす影響については,まだ十分に説明されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 喫煙と環境性タバコ煙 (ETS) への曝露が動脈硬化症の進行にどのように影響するかを調査する.
- 喫煙曝露と頸動脈の内側-中間の厚さの変化との関連を定量化するために.
主な方法:
- Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) 研究から10,914人の中年成人を対象とした長期的研究.
- ベースラインでの喫煙への曝露を評価し,超音波を用いて動脈の内側と中間の厚さの3年間の変化を測定した.
- 人口統計的要因,心血管疾患リスク,ライフスタイル変数に調整されています.
主要な成果:
- 活発な喫煙は,決して喫煙していない人と比較して,動脈硬化症の進行を50% (現在の喫煙者) と25% (過去の喫煙者) 増加させた.
- 環境タバコ煙 (ETS) 曝露は,暴露していない個人に比べて,進行を20%増加させた.
- 喫煙が動脈硬化に及ぼす有害な影響は,糖尿病や高血圧の患者で増幅された. より多くのパック年数は,より速い進行と相関しています.
結論:
- 喫煙とETSへの曝露の両方が,動脈硬化症の進行に大きく貢献しています.
- 喫煙は,糖尿病や高血圧の患者に高いリスクをもたらします.
- パックヤーの関連性は,現在の喫煙状況と過去の喫煙状態との関連性とは異なり,喫煙による累積的で潜在的に不可逆的な動脈損傷を示唆しています.
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