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関連する概念動画

Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers I01:24

Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers I

Polymerization produces macromolecules with a range of chain lengths due to the random nature of molecular growth processes. As chains form and terminate at different stages, a single polymer sample contains molecules of varying sizes rather than a uniform structure. This variability is described using average molar masses and distribution-related parameters, which together provide a comprehensive understanding of polymer characteristics.The distribution of molar masses plays a critical role in...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
16:24

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

複数の長さのスケールを持つ超分子ポリマー材料の切り替え

Ruokolainen1, Makinen, Torkkeli

  • 1J. Ruokolainen and O. Ikkala, Department of Engineering Physics and Mathematics, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN-02015 HUT, Espoo, Finland. R. Makinen, M. Torkkeli, R. Serimaa, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Post Office B.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 6, 1998
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,相変化を制御することによって,調整可能なポリマーナノ構造を作り出した. これらの構造は,温度に依存する電気伝導性を示し,高度な材料のための可能性を秘めています.

さらに関連する動画

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
16:24

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

科学分野:

  • ポリマー科学と工学 ポリマー科学と工学
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • 超分子化学 超分子化学

背景:

  • ポリメリック上分子ナノ構造は,調節可能な階層的な秩序-乱れと秩序-秩序の移行を提供します.
  • これらの移行を制御することで,材料の機能的性質を同時に切り替えることができます.
  • ディブロックコポリマーは,複雑な自己組み立て構造を作成するための多用途のプラットフォームを提供します.

研究 の 目的:

  • ポリメリックナノ構造における階層的な秩序-乱れと秩序-順序の移行を直接的に調整することを実証する.
  • マイクロ構造的移行を制御することによって,機能的特性,特に電気伝導性の同時スイッチングを調査する.
  • ブロックコポリマーと超分子複合性を用いて制御された自己組織化された構造体内の構造物を達成する.

主な方法:

  • ポリ・・・4-ビニルピリジン (P4VP) とメタン硫酸 (MSA) のステイキオメトリックプロトネーションにより,P4VP (MSA) を形成する1.0.0.
  • ペンタデシルフェノールによるP4VP (MSA) 1.0の水素結合複合.
  • MSAとペンタデシルフェノールの複合は,マイクロフェーズ分離型ディブロックコポリマーポリ[スタイレンブロック-[4-ビニルピリジン]]のP4VPブロックに結合する.
  • マイクロフェーズ分離,再入閉ループマクロフェーズ分離,高温マクロフェーズ分離の観察.

主要な成果:

  • 2つの異なる長さスケール (48および350アングストーム) で,自己組織化された構造体内の構造体における階層的な相変化の体系的な制御を達成しました.
  • 微細構造制御による電気伝導性の温度依存の移行を誘導する能力を実証した.
  • マイクロフェーズ分離,再入入閉ループマクロフェーズ分離,高温マクロフェーズ分離を含む様々な相分離行動が観察されました.

結論:

  • 制御された階層的移行を持つポリメリック上分子ナノ構造は,調整可能な機能特性を可能にします.
  • 開発された方法は,複数の長さのスケールで自己組み立て構造を正確に制御することを可能にします.
  • このアプローチは,高度なアプリケーションのために,切り替え可能な電気伝導性を有する材料を設計するための経路を提供します.