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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

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木星の月イオ (Io) の高温シリケート火山活動

A S McEwen¹, L Keszthelyi, J R Spencer

¹Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85711, USA. mcewen@lpl.arizona.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 4, 1998

まとめ

Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io

科学分野:

惑星科学は惑星科学である.
火山学火山学とは
地質化学地質化学

背景:

木星の火山衛星イオは,極端な火山活動を示しています.
以前の観測は高温の噴火を示唆していたが,正確な測定は限られていた.

研究の目的:

イオの溶岩噴火の温度を測定するために.
イオの火山の溶岩の組成を特定するために.

主な方法:

ガリレオ宇宙船の赤外線スペクトロスコピーのデータを活用した.
イオ島の少なくとも12の異なる火山口から発生した熱排出量を分析した.
ラバの温度を推定するために熱力学モデルを適用しました.

主要な成果:

観測された溶岩の温度は1700ケルヴィンを超え,一部では潜在的に2000ケルヴィンに達している.
イオ島には少なくとも12の活発な火山口が確認されています.
暫定的に,溶岩の流れでマグネシウムに富んだオルトピロキセンを特定し,超マフィックの組成を示唆した.

結論:

イオの火山の溶岩は,地球の玄武岩よりもかなり熱い.
この高温は,イオの超大質量溶岩の組成という仮説を裏付けている.
ガリレオの観測は,イオの極端な火山活動に関する前例のない洞察を提供している.

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