エイズ関連悪性疾患のスペクトル
J J Goedert1, T R Coté, P Virgo
1Viral Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA. jg8s@nih.gov
Lancet (London, England)
|July 4, 1998
まとめ
エイズ患者はホッジキン病,多発性骨髄腫,脳がん,半球腫を発症するリスクが著しく高まります. これらの発見は,既得免疫不全症候群 (AIDS) と,カポシの肉腫とノンホジキンリンパ腫を超えた特定の癌との関連を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- 既得免疫不全症候群 (AIDS) は,ある種の癌と関連しています.
- エイズ関連がんの全スペクトルを明らかにすることは,患者ケアと公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- エイズに起因する特定の癌の種類を特定する.
- エイズ患者のがん発生率と一般の人々のがん発生率を比較する.
主な方法:
- 米国とプエルトリコの集団ベースの癌とエイズの登録を利用した.
- エイズ患者98,336人,がん患者1,125,098人の名前,出生日,社会保障番号に関する確率マッチングアルゴリズムを使用した.
- エイズ後の発症率が著しく増加し,エイズ診断期間中に罹患率が増加したことから,エイズ関連の癌を定義した.
主要な成果:
- エイズ患者では,カポシ肉腫 (310倍) とノン・ホッジキンリンパ腫 (113倍) が著しく増加していることが確認されています.
- ホッジキン病 (7.6倍),多発性骨髄腫 (4.5倍),脳がん (3.5倍),セミノマ (2.9倍) の発生率と流行率が著しく増加した.
- 他のがんの発生率が1.9倍に増加し,特定の悪性疾患の有意な増加が観察されました.
結論:
- エイズはホッジキン病,多発性骨髄腫,脳がん,半球腫のリスクを大幅に増加させる.
- ウイルス感染症の制御における免疫学的欠陥は,これらのエイズ関連の悪性疾患の発生に寄与する可能性があります.
- 共通の危険因子とスクリーニングの複雑さは,調査結果の慎重な解釈を正当化します.
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