胎児の成長障害と頸動脈と外周動脈の動脈硬化
C N Martyn1, C R Gale, S Jespersen
1MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, UK. c.martyn@mrc.soton.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|July 31, 1998
まとめ
低出生体重は,特に動脈動脈の動脈硬化症の増加と関連しています. 胎児の成長障害は,長期的な血管変化につながり,成人期に心血管疾患のリスクを増やす可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 血管生物学 血管生物学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 流行病学的な研究は,低出生体重の成人の冠動脈疾患と脳卒中のリスクが高いことを示しています.
- 低出生体重と大人の心血管疾患を結びつけるメカニズムは不明である.
- 動脈硬化症は,心血管疾患の発症の重要な要因です.
研究 の 目的:
- 低出生体重によって示される胎児の成長障害が,動脈硬化症のリスクを増やすかどうかを調査する.
- 70歳くらいの個体における頸動脈と下肢動脈の評価を,出産時の体重データを基に実施する.
主な方法:
- 研究には,利用可能な出生記録を持つ322人の参加者 (1922年から1926年にかけて生まれた2232人のうち) が含まれていました.
- 181人の被験者における二重超音波検査による動脈動脈硬化症の評価.
- 下肢動脈動脈硬化症は,186人の参加者における足首-腕圧指数 (ABPI) を用いて評価された.
主要な成果:
- 低出生体重は,大動脈動脈硬化症の最も高い罹患率と重症度に関連していました.
- 誕生時に体重6.5ポンド以下であった個人は,大動脈狭窄症 (OR 5.3) のリスクが著しく高かった.
- 最低出生体重の個体において下肢動脈硬化症の増加傾向が観察されたが,統計的に有意ではない (OR 2.3).
結論:
- 動脈形成の増加 (プラークの蓄積) は,胎児の成長障害と心血管疾患を結びつける潜在的なメカニズムです.
- 胎児の成長制限は,血管構造と代謝の持続的な変化を引き起こす可能性があります.
- 低出生体重は,成人の動脈硬化,特に動脈疾患の重要なリスク因子です.
関連する概念動画
01:07Teratogenicity
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
01:30Atherosclerosis I: Introduction
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
01:27Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
01:30Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...